For 1 day, on 19 October 2023, 8 cities in Japan had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Tsurusaki, Oita, Japan: 35.4 µg/m³ on 19 October, about 4.3× its usual 8.3.
No cause namedWe have no fire or smoke records for these days, so we only say what the measurements show.
Cities reached8in 1 country
Days119 October 2023
Worst day19 October8 cities counted
Furthest above usual4.3×Tsurusaki
Day by day
Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.
How it spread
Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more.
Daily means in µg/m³. Usual: the city's median for this time of year (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that.
Against other episodes in Japan
Number 5 of 5 episodes in Japan since our records began, by cities reached.
Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading.
Use this page
SmogRank, Japan, October 2023: 8 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 19 October 2023, smogrank.com/episodes/2023-10-japan (accessed 2 October 2026).
You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.
