SmogRank / Episodes / Romania

Romania, Hungary and Serbia, March 2025

For 1 day, on 11 March 2025, 9 cities in Romania, Serbia and Hungary had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Negotin, Central Serbia, Serbia: 172.0 µg/m³ on 11 March, about 2.9× its usual 58.6. Ended 11 March.

No cause namedWe have no fire or smoke records for these days, so we only say what the measurements show.
Cities reached9in 3 countries
Days111 March 2025
Worst day11 March9 cities counted
Furthest above usual3.9×Calafat

Day by day

11 March 9 cities at twice their usual or more
VršacBorPožarevacZaječarSmederevoDebrecenPančevoĆuprijaKikindaParaćinVinčaBelgradeRipanjFilmski GradZemunKragujevacNyíregyházaNišSremčicaKruševacSurčinSzegedInđijaObrenovacProkupljeLazarevacKraljevoCodleaNovi SadČačakFutogSuboticaMiskolcValjevoŠabacSremska MitrovicaAriljeUžiceGyöngyösLoznicaBaloteştiRuseLiberpolisDunaújvárosŠahyEsztergomPécsSarajevoVeszprémKomárnoIaşiKolárovoTravnikHolbocaGyőrBanja LukaKoprivnicaLivnoBucharestBragadiruCluj-NapocaJilavaNegotinGyálDejCraiovaCalafat
8 Mar91011121314
Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.

How it spread

NegotinNegotin, 8 March: 112.0 µg/m³Negotin, 9 March: 113.0 µg/m³Negotin, 10 March: 152.0 µg/m³Negotin, 11 March: 172.0 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 58.6Negotin, 12 March: 98.8 µg/m³Negotin, 13 March: 31.9 µg/m³Negotin, 14 March: 18.6 µg/m³DejDej, 8 March: 73.7 µg/m³Dej, 9 March: 59.8 µg/m³Dej, 10 March: 79.6 µg/m³Dej, 11 March: 90.9 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 28.4Dej, 12 March: 18.8 µg/m³Dej, 13 March: 20.1 µg/m³Dej, 14 March: 17.9 µg/m³CalafatCalafat, 8 March: 30.9 µg/m³Calafat, 9 March: 24.6 µg/m³Calafat, 10 March: 34.7 µg/m³Calafat, 11 March: 69.8 µg/m³, 3.9× its usual 18.1Calafat, 12 March: 60.0 µg/m³Calafat, 13 March: 23.0 µg/m³Calafat, 14 March: 9.5 µg/m³CraiovaCraiova, 8 March: 23.0 µg/m³Craiova, 9 March: 18.7 µg/m³Craiova, 10 March: 33.5 µg/m³Craiova, 11 March: 57.7 µg/m³, 3.9× its usual 14.9Craiova, 12 March: 29.4 µg/m³Craiova, 13 March: 9.7 µg/m³Craiova, 14 March: 7.2 µg/m³Cluj-NapocaCluj-Napoca, 8 March: 50.7 µg/m³Cluj-Napoca, 9 March: 50.1 µg/m³Cluj-Napoca, 10 March: 68.9 µg/m³Cluj-Napoca, 11 March: 44.2 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 19.0Cluj-Napoca, 12 March: 9.7 µg/m³Cluj-Napoca, 13 March: 10.5 µg/m³Cluj-Napoca, 14 March: 5.8 µg/m³JilavaJilava, 8 March: 15.0 µg/m³Jilava, 9 March: 24.4 µg/m³Jilava, 10 March: 43.5 µg/m³Jilava, 11 March: 43.5 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 16.5Jilava, 12 March: 26.1 µg/m³Jilava, 13 March: 14.6 µg/m³Jilava, 14 March: 7.8 µg/m³GyálGyál, 8 March: 32.4 µg/m³Gyál, 9 March: 36.8 µg/m³Gyál, 10 March: 37.7 µg/m³Gyál, 11 March: 42.3 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 13.4Gyál, 12 March: 9.6 µg/m³Gyál, 13 March: 13.9 µg/m³Gyál, 14 March: no readingBragadiruBragadiru, 8 March: 17.6 µg/m³Bragadiru, 9 March: 30.4 µg/m³Bragadiru, 10 March: 38.0 µg/m³Bragadiru, 11 March: 41.1 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 19.2Bragadiru, 12 March: 25.2 µg/m³Bragadiru, 13 March: 12.9 µg/m³Bragadiru, 14 March: 9.7 µg/m³BucharestBucharest, 8 March: 16.7 µg/m³Bucharest, 9 March: 31.5 µg/m³Bucharest, 10 March: 36.9 µg/m³Bucharest, 11 March: 33.7 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 16.0Bucharest, 12 March: 23.2 µg/m³Bucharest, 13 March: 14.7 µg/m³Bucharest, 14 March: 11.1 µg/m³8 Mar91011121314
Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more.
Good0–50
Moderate51–100
Sensitive groups101–150
Unhealthy151–200
Very unhealthy201–300
Hazardous301+

Every city it reached

CityDaysHighestUsualAbove usual
CalafatDolj, Romania1 69.811 March18.13.9×
CraiovaDolj, Romania1 57.711 March14.93.9×
DejCluj County, Romania1 90.911 March28.43.2×
GyálPest County, Hungary1 42.311 March13.43.2×
NegotinCentral Serbia, Serbia1 172.011 March58.62.9×
JilavaIlfov, Romania1 43.511 March16.52.6×
Cluj-NapocaCluj County, Romania1 44.211 March19.02.3×
BragadiruIlfov, Romania1 41.111 March19.22.1×
BucharestBucharest, Romania1 33.711 March16.02.1×

Daily means in µg/m³, over the days each city counted in this episode. Highest: its highest of those days. Usual: the city's median for the time of year of that day (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that, with a usual under 5 µg/m³ taken as 5.

Against other episodes in Romania and Serbia

Number 6 of 10 episodes in Romania and Serbia since our records began, by cities reached.

Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading.

Use this page

SmogRank, Romania, Hungary and Serbia, March 2025: 9 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 11 March 2025, smogrank.com/episodes/2025-03-romania-hungary-and-serbia (accessed 5 October 2026).

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You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.

An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.