SmogRank / World / Pakistan / Punjab / October 2023

Most people breathing unhealthy air in Punjab, Pakistan, October 2023

1 city in Punjab, Pakistan measured at 2 or more places, ranked by how many people breathed unhealthy air on an average day over the 31 days. The most people breathing unhealthy air: Lahore, Pakistan, about 12.2M on an average day. A city needs measurements on 70% of the days to be ranked.

Punjab has 9 cities ranked over the last 30 days, but only 1 here: most of its monitors have no readings for October 2023 in OpenAQ's archive, where ours come from, or too few to rank. Cities missing from this board weren't clean, just not measured.

About 12.2M people in this city breathed unhealthy air on an average day of October 2023.

Ranked by people: each city's population times its share of unhealthy days, those with a daily mean over 35.4 µg/m³ (US AQI 101+). That is how many people living there breathed unhealthy air on an average day. Only cities measured at 2 or more places at least 3 km apart are ranked: one monitor shouldn't speak for a whole city. Population is the city itself, not its wider metro area.

Low-cost sensors: consumer units, counted only in cities with no government-grade monitor; they read close to reference monitors on the whole, but 15 to 25% high in humid air. How we use them.

The US EPA's Air Quality Index for PM2.5 (2024 breakpoints). Show values as: µg/m³ · US AQI · India AQI · China AQI · European AQI · UK DAQI · Canada AQHI+. About the scales

All cities in the world, October 2023 · All cities in Pakistan, October 2023 · Punjab now

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SmogRank, most polluted cities in Punjab, Pakistan, by people breathing unhealthy air, PM2.5, October 2023, smogrank.com/pk/region/punjab/history/2023-10?by=people (accessed 7 Oct 2026).

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You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms. Raw monitor readings in bulk are published by OpenAQ, under each provider's licence.