Europe, 17 to 22 March 2023
For 6 days, from 17 to 22 March 2023, 64 cities in Poland, Czechia, Italy and 5 more countries had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Kościan, Greater Poland, Poland: 71.8 µg/m³ on 19 March, about 3.0× its usual 24.0. Readings stopped after 22 March, so this episode may have run longer.
Day by day
How it spread
Every city it reached
| City | Days | Highest | Above usual |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlessandriaPiedmont, Italy | 3 | 53.519 March | 5.0× |
| TurinPiedmont, Italy | 1 | 43.521 March | 4.1× |
| LuganoTicino, Switzerland | 2 | 33.321 March | 4.0× |
| AnconaThe Marches, Italy | 1 | 36.721 March | 3.9× |
| ZnojmoSouth Moravian, Czechia | 1 | 45.919 March | 3.5× |
| CrescentinoPiedmont, Italy | 2 | 39.822 March | 3.3× |
| TrentoTrentino-Alto Adige, Italy | 3 | 31.521 March | 3.2× |
| GiubiascoTicino, Switzerland | 2 | 27.519 March | 3.2× |
| BellinzonaTicino, Switzerland | 2 | 27.519 March | 3.2× |
| LiepājaLiepaja, Latvia | 1 | 43.920 March | 3.1× |
| VentspilsVentspils, Latvia | 1 | 32.120 March | 3.1× |
| RigaRiga, Latvia | 1 | 30.520 March | 3.1× |
| KościanGreater Poland, Poland | 2 | 71.819 March | 3.0× |
| BohumínMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 48.418 March | 3.0× |
| Wodzisław ŚląskiSilesia, Poland | 3 | 48.418 March | 3.0× |
| ŚwiecieKujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland | 1 | 45.819 March | 3.0× |
| Mladá BoleslavCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 2 | 37.820 March | 3.0× |
| PułtuskMazovia, Poland | 2 | 45.120 March | 2.9× |
| GdyniaPomerania, Poland | 1 | 42.319 March | 2.9× |
| MostÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 1 | 43.819 March | 2.8× |
| GdańskPomerania, Poland | 1 | 39.519 March | 2.7× |
| LublinLublin, Poland | 3 | 52.820 March | 2.6× |
| ŁukówLublin, Poland | 2 | 47.520 March | 2.6× |
| WawerMazovia, Poland | 2 | 40.620 March | 2.6× |
| KladnoCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 1 | 38.519 March | 2.6× |
| PraguePrague, Czechia | 1 | 36.719 March | 2.6× |
| Frýdek-MístekMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 1 | 33.318 March | 2.6× |
| KranjUrban Municipality of Kranj, Slovenia | 1 | 27.820 March | 2.6× |
| ToruńKujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland | 2 | 48.819 March | 2.5× |
| WschowaLubusz, Poland | 1 | 46.219 March | 2.5× |
| DěčínÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 2 | 41.119 March | 2.5× |
| BerounCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 1 | 39.019 March | 2.5× |
| LitvínovÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 1 | 38.219 March | 2.5× |
| EłkWarmia-Masuria, Poland | 2 | 36.320 March | 2.5× |
| Ústí nad LabemÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 2 | 34.319 March | 2.5× |
| KrosnoSubcarpathia, Poland | 2 | 32.520 March | 2.5× |
| JasłoSubcarpathia, Poland | 1 | 30.920 March | 2.5× |
| KrapkowiceOpole Voivodeship, Poland | 1 | 26.519 March | 2.5× |
| Jelenia GóraLower Silesia, Poland | 1 | 43.519 March | 2.4× |
| TepliceÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 1 | 33.320 March | 2.4× |
| KutnoŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 1 | 49.020 March | 2.3× |
| KielceŚwiętokrzyskie, Poland | 1 | 46.320 March | 2.3× |
| KościerzynaPomerania, Poland | 1 | 41.219 March | 2.3× |
| LęborkPomerania, Poland | 1 | 39.019 March | 2.3× |
| PłockMazovia, Poland | 1 | 36.620 March | 2.3× |
| OlsztynWarmia-Masuria, Poland | 1 | 32.120 March | 2.3× |
| PilsenPlzeň Region, Czechia | 1 | 31.419 March | 2.3× |
| SuwałkiPodlasie, Poland | 2 | 30.219 March | 2.3× |
| Falconara MarittimaThe Marches, Italy | 1 | 26.421 March | 2.3× |
| WłocławekKujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland | 1 | 55.220 March | 2.2× |
| ČaňaKošice Region, Slovakia | 1 | 45.819 March | 2.2× |
| LegionowoMazovia, Poland | 1 | 42.820 March | 2.2× |
| WarsawMazovia, Poland | 1 | 39.120 March | 2.2× |
| KadaňÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 1 | 31.119 March | 2.2× |
| ChiaravalleThe Marches, Italy | 1 | 30.321 March | 2.2× |
| KętrzynWarmia-Masuria, Poland | 2 | 30.019 March | 2.2× |
| GrazStyria, Austria | 1 | 27.720 March | 2.2× |
| RoveretoTrentino-Alto Adige, Italy | 3 | 25.922 March | 2.2× |
| KrakówLesser Poland, Poland | 1 | 46.320 March | 2.1× |
| GrajewoPodlasie, Poland | 1 | 37.517 March | 2.1× |
| OlomoucOlomouc Region, Czechia | 1 | 30.520 March | 2.1× |
| Czechowice-DziedziceSilesia, Poland | 2 | 49.517 March | 2.0× |
| SiedlceMazovia, Poland | 2 | 41.517 March | 2.0× |
| PoznańGreater Poland, Poland | 1 | 39.619 March | 2.0× |
Daily means in µg/m³, over the days each city counted in this episode. Highest: its highest of those days. Usual: the city's median for the time of year of that day (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that, with a usual under 5 µg/m³ taken as 5.
Against other episodes in Poland and Czechia
Number 8 of 46 episodes in Poland and Czechia since our records began, by cities reached.
- Eastern Europe, October and November 2024161
- Europe, December 2023134
- Eastern Europe, 16 to 21 December 2025129
- Eastern Europe, January 202686
- Europe, 8 to 10 November 202584
- Germany, Poland and Czechia, February 202667
- Eastern Europe, 3 to 7 December 202564
- Europe, 17 to 22 March 202364
- Eastern Europe, 30 November to 8 December 202461
- Eastern and northern Europe, September 202358
- Europe, 28 to 31 January 202453
- Poland, September 202452
Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 46.
Use this page
SmogRank, Europe, 17 to 22 March 2023: 64 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 17 to 22 March 2023, smogrank.com/episodes/2023-03-17-europe (accessed 5 October 2026).
You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.