SmogRank / Episodes / Italy
Italy, Switzerland and France, February 2024
For 8 days, from 15 to 22 February 2024, 25 cities in Italy, Switzerland and France had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Vigevano, Lombardy, Italy: 96.7 µg/m³ on 18 February, about 5.2× its usual 18.6.
No cause named We have no fire or smoke records for these days, so we only say what the measurements show.
Cities reached 25 in 3 countries
Days 8 15 to 22 February 2024
Worst day 19 February 19 cities counted
Furthest above usual 8.4× Lodi
Day by day
Play 19 February 19 cities at twice their usual or more
Monza Saronno Treviglio La Spezia Cremona Dalmine Bergamo Varese Lecco Sondrio Menton Monaco Bastia Nice Cannes Fréjus Sallanches Bern Bolzano Albertville Gap Annecy Annemasse Chambéry Meylan Grenoble Manosque La Garde Aix-en-Provence Gardanne Marseille Lons-le-Saunier Romans-sur-Isère Vitrolles Marignane Bourg-en-Bresse Salon-de-Provence Valence Meyzieu Dole Fos-sur-Mer Lyon Mâcon Villefranche-sur-Saône Ancona Arles Saint-Chamond Chalon-sur-Saône Saint-Étienne Nîmes Civitanova Marche Lunel Montceau-les-Mines Montpellier Rijeka Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Wolfsberg Pesaro Avignon Falconara Marittima Jesi Turin Capannori Aosta Lugano Bellinzona Borgomanero Fabriano Trento Alessandria Rovereto Erba Novara Vigevano Brescia Bra Milan Pavia Vimercate Como Mantua Lodi 12 Feb 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.
How it spread
Milan Milan, 12 February: no reading Milan, 13 February: 28.4 µg/m³ Milan, 14 February: no reading Milan, 15 February: 56.1 µg/m³, 3.7× its usual 15.1 Milan, 16 February: 65.9 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 15.3 Milan, 17 February: 80.1 µg/m³, 5.3× its usual 15.2 Milan, 18 February: 77.9 µg/m³, 5.2× its usual 15.1 Milan, 19 February: 83.2 µg/m³, 5.5× its usual 15.1 Milan, 20 February: 83.2 µg/m³, 5.5× its usual 15.1 Milan, 21 February: no reading Milan, 22 February: 47.1 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 14.8 Milan, 23 February: 6.9 µg/m³ Milan, 24 February: 17.3 µg/m³ Milan, 25 February: 9.6 µg/m³ Brescia Brescia, 12 February: 9.8 µg/m³ Brescia, 13 February: 28.1 µg/m³ Brescia, 14 February: 17.4 µg/m³ Brescia, 15 February: 50.6 µg/m³, 4.0× its usual 12.8 Brescia, 16 February: 68.3 µg/m³, 5.3× its usual 12.8 Brescia, 17 February: 55.4 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 12.8 Brescia, 18 February: 23.9 µg/m³ Brescia, 19 February: 26.3 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 12.8 Brescia, 20 February: 24.8 µg/m³ Brescia, 21 February: 13.6 µg/m³ Brescia, 22 February: 13.3 µg/m³ Brescia, 23 February: 2.5 µg/m³ Brescia, 24 February: 9.4 µg/m³ Brescia, 25 February: 7.1 µg/m³ Vigevano Vigevano, 12 February: 22.1 µg/m³ Vigevano, 13 February: 17.0 µg/m³ Vigevano, 14 February: 34.2 µg/m³ Vigevano, 15 February: 47.0 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 18.3 Vigevano, 16 February: 62.6 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 18.5 Vigevano, 17 February: 64.7 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 18.5 Vigevano, 18 February: 96.7 µg/m³, 5.2× its usual 18.6 Vigevano, 19 February: 95.0 µg/m³, 5.1× its usual 18.6 Vigevano, 20 February: 80.7 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 18.7 Vigevano, 21 February: 55.4 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 18.6 Vigevano, 22 February: 54.4 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 18.7 Vigevano, 23 February: 13.6 µg/m³ Vigevano, 24 February: 19.4 µg/m³ Vigevano, 25 February: 18.3 µg/m³ Pavia Pavia, 12 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Pavia, 13 February: 20.0 µg/m³ Pavia, 14 February: 23.1 µg/m³ Pavia, 15 February: 41.0 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 16.3 Pavia, 16 February: 59.7 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 17.7 Pavia, 17 February: 68.7 µg/m³, 3.9× its usual 17.8 Pavia, 18 February: 80.6 µg/m³, 5.1× its usual 15.7 Pavia, 19 February: 86.7 µg/m³, 5.5× its usual 15.7 Pavia, 20 February: 74.0 µg/m³, 4.5× its usual 16.3 Pavia, 21 February: 46.2 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 17.5 Pavia, 22 February: 49.2 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 16.3 Pavia, 23 February: 10.2 µg/m³ Pavia, 24 February: 17.5 µg/m³ Pavia, 25 February: 17.8 µg/m³ Mantua Mantua, 12 February: 8.6 µg/m³ Mantua, 13 February: 26.3 µg/m³ Mantua, 14 February: 26.1 µg/m³ Mantua, 15 February: 40.8 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 12.2 Mantua, 16 February: 55.1 µg/m³, 4.5× its usual 12.2 Mantua, 17 February: 70.7 µg/m³, 6.1× its usual 11.6 Mantua, 18 February: 59.1 µg/m³, 5.2× its usual 11.3 Mantua, 19 February: 83.8 µg/m³, 7.4× its usual 11.3 Mantua, 20 February: 74.0 µg/m³, 7.1× its usual 10.4 Mantua, 21 February: 33.8 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 11.3 Mantua, 22 February: 42.1 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 12.2 Mantua, 23 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Mantua, 24 February: 12.8 µg/m³ Mantua, 25 February: 11.6 µg/m³ Lodi Lodi, 12 February: 14.2 µg/m³ Lodi, 13 February: 16.5 µg/m³ Lodi, 14 February: 22.0 µg/m³ Lodi, 15 February: 40.0 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 9.5 Lodi, 16 February: 58.0 µg/m³, 5.7× its usual 10.1 Lodi, 17 February: 67.8 µg/m³, 6.7× its usual 10.1 Lodi, 18 February: 84.9 µg/m³, 8.4× its usual 10.1 Lodi, 19 February: 72.1 µg/m³, 7.1× its usual 10.1 Lodi, 20 February: 69.9 µg/m³, 6.9× its usual 10.1 Lodi, 21 February: 37.4 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 10.6 Lodi, 22 February: 35.8 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 11.2 Lodi, 23 February: 7.1 µg/m³ Lodi, 24 February: 8.8 µg/m³ Lodi, 25 February: 7.0 µg/m³ Vimercate Vimercate, 12 February: 2.6 µg/m³ Vimercate, 13 February: 20.5 µg/m³ Vimercate, 14 February: no reading Vimercate, 15 February: 36.3 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 16.0 Vimercate, 16 February: 48.8 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 15.8 Vimercate, 17 February: 57.9 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 13.5 Vimercate, 18 February: 65.0 µg/m³, 4.8× its usual 13.5 Vimercate, 19 February: 57.5 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 13.5 Vimercate, 20 February: 67.9 µg/m³, 5.7× its usual 12.0 Vimercate, 21 February: 50.7 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 13.5 Vimercate, 22 February: 25.6 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 12.0 Vimercate, 23 February: 16.6 µg/m³ Vimercate, 24 February: no reading Vimercate, 25 February: 1.2 µg/m³ Como Como, 12 February: 15.5 µg/m³ Como, 13 February: 13.9 µg/m³ Como, 14 February: 14.5 µg/m³ Como, 15 February: 30.8 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 8.2 Como, 16 February: 47.0 µg/m³, 5.5× its usual 8.5 Como, 17 February: 45.0 µg/m³, 4.6× its usual 9.7 Como, 18 February: 51.1 µg/m³, 6.0× its usual 8.5 Como, 19 February: 44.0 µg/m³, 5.2× its usual 8.5 Como, 20 February: 41.5 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 9.7 Como, 21 February: 27.2 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 10.9 Como, 22 February: 38.3 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 12.4 Como, 23 February: 3.0 µg/m³ Como, 24 February: 5.6 µg/m³ Como, 25 February: 6.4 µg/m³ Erba Erba, 12 February: 15.1 µg/m³ Erba, 13 February: 14.9 µg/m³ Erba, 14 February: 16.8 µg/m³ Erba, 15 February: 29.3 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 9.2 Erba, 16 February: 45.9 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 10.6 Erba, 17 February: 50.1 µg/m³, 4.5× its usual 11.2 Erba, 18 February: 44.0 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 10.6 Erba, 19 February: 49.5 µg/m³, 4.7× its usual 10.6 Erba, 20 February: 46.9 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 11.2 Erba, 21 February: 23.1 µg/m³ Erba, 22 February: 31.2 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 13.7 Erba, 23 February: 5.9 µg/m³ Erba, 24 February: 7.3 µg/m³ Erba, 25 February: 8.0 µg/m³ Novara Novara, 12 February: 22.7 µg/m³ Novara, 13 February: 17.2 µg/m³ Novara, 14 February: 20.7 µg/m³ Novara, 15 February: 29.1 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 13.3 Novara, 16 February: 43.9 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 16.0 Novara, 17 February: 44.6 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 14.1 Novara, 18 February: 57.8 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 13.3 Novara, 19 February: 65.9 µg/m³, 5.0× its usual 13.3 Novara, 20 February: 41.8 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 14.1 Novara, 21 February: 48.5 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 15.7 Novara, 22 February: 39.5 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 17.2 Novara, 23 February: 9.2 µg/m³ Novara, 24 February: 17.9 µg/m³ Novara, 25 February: 11.4 µg/m³ Avignon Avignon, 12 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Avignon, 13 February: 10.4 µg/m³ Avignon, 14 February: 20.3 µg/m³ Avignon, 15 February: 25.1 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 12.4 Avignon, 16 February: 30.5 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 12.4 Avignon, 17 February: 4.4 µg/m³ Avignon, 18 February: 7.2 µg/m³ Avignon, 19 February: 4.6 µg/m³ Avignon, 20 February: 3.7 µg/m³ Avignon, 21 February: 12.4 µg/m³ Avignon, 22 February: 12.0 µg/m³ Avignon, 23 February: 4.4 µg/m³ Avignon, 24 February: 9.8 µg/m³ Avignon, 25 February: 9.1 µg/m³ Capannori Capannori, 12 February: 25.0 µg/m³ Capannori, 13 February: 23.9 µg/m³ Capannori, 14 February: 34.8 µg/m³ Capannori, 15 February: 36.7 µg/m³ Capannori, 16 February: 62.3 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 23.4 Capannori, 17 February: 57.0 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 23.4 Capannori, 18 February: 53.3 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 23.3 Capannori, 19 February: 39.3 µg/m³ Capannori, 20 February: 52.3 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 23.3 Capannori, 21 February: 38.0 µg/m³ Capannori, 22 February: 28.4 µg/m³ Capannori, 23 February: 11.3 µg/m³ Capannori, 24 February: 15.0 µg/m³ Capannori, 25 February: 23.4 µg/m³ Bra Bra, 12 February: 13.6 µg/m³ Bra, 13 February: 13.5 µg/m³ Bra, 14 February: 17.0 µg/m³ Bra, 15 February: 28.1 µg/m³ Bra, 16 February: 42.8 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 14.1 Bra, 17 February: 44.5 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 13.3 Bra, 18 February: 49.0 µg/m³, 4.4× its usual 11.2 Bra, 19 February: 51.7 µg/m³, 4.8× its usual 10.8 Bra, 20 February: 29.5 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 10.8 Bra, 21 February: 28.3 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 10.8 Bra, 22 February: 59.5 µg/m³, 5.5× its usual 10.9 Bra, 23 February: 15.1 µg/m³ Bra, 24 February: 20.4 µg/m³ Bra, 25 February: 18.9 µg/m³ Turin Turin, 12 February: no reading Turin, 13 February: no reading Turin, 14 February: no reading Turin, 15 February: no reading Turin, 16 February: no reading Turin, 17 February: 57.0 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 26.4 Turin, 18 February: 59.8 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 25.8 Turin, 19 February: 63.1 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 24.3 Turin, 20 February: 38.2 µg/m³ Turin, 21 February: 39.8 µg/m³ Turin, 22 February: 43.0 µg/m³ Turin, 23 February: 13.1 µg/m³ Turin, 24 February: 18.9 µg/m³ Turin, 25 February: 12.8 µg/m³ Rovereto Rovereto, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³ Rovereto, 13 February: 6.2 µg/m³ Rovereto, 14 February: 9.3 µg/m³ Rovereto, 15 February: 13.2 µg/m³ Rovereto, 16 February: 23.8 µg/m³ Rovereto, 17 February: 25.7 µg/m³ Rovereto, 18 February: 36.4 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 13.6 Rovereto, 19 February: 51.1 µg/m³, 3.9× its usual 13.2 Rovereto, 20 February: 22.4 µg/m³ Rovereto, 21 February: 17.6 µg/m³ Rovereto, 22 February: 26.2 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 10.9 Rovereto, 23 February: 3.0 µg/m³ Rovereto, 24 February: 9.5 µg/m³ Rovereto, 25 February: 6.5 µg/m³ Lugano Lugano, 12 February: 6.5 µg/m³ Lugano, 13 February: 5.0 µg/m³ Lugano, 14 February: 5.9 µg/m³ Lugano, 15 February: 8.4 µg/m³ Lugano, 16 February: 16.6 µg/m³ Lugano, 17 February: 20.3 µg/m³ Lugano, 18 February: 32.4 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 13.1 Lugano, 19 February: 31.7 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 13.2 Lugano, 20 February: 2.6 µg/m³ Lugano, 21 February: 16.8 µg/m³ Lugano, 22 February: 37.7 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 13.0 Lugano, 23 February: 3.2 µg/m³ Lugano, 24 February: 3.7 µg/m³ Lugano, 25 February: 7.4 µg/m³ Borgomanero Borgomanero, 12 February: 20.1 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 13 February: 16.0 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 14 February: 14.8 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 15 February: 17.5 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 16 February: 25.1 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 17 February: 27.2 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 18 February: 31.8 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 11.5 Borgomanero, 19 February: 32.9 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 10.7 Borgomanero, 20 February: 12.0 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 21 February: 34.9 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 13.8 Borgomanero, 22 February: 45.5 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 13.2 Borgomanero, 23 February: 11.0 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 24 February: 10.3 µg/m³ Borgomanero, 25 February: 8.1 µg/m³ Trento Trento, 12 February: 6.8 µg/m³ Trento, 13 February: 9.5 µg/m³ Trento, 14 February: 11.7 µg/m³ Trento, 15 February: 14.3 µg/m³ Trento, 16 February: 18.5 µg/m³ Trento, 17 February: 21.7 µg/m³ Trento, 18 February: 31.7 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 14.5 Trento, 19 February: 55.3 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 14.4 Trento, 20 February: 14.1 µg/m³ Trento, 21 February: 15.7 µg/m³ Trento, 22 February: 28.8 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 10.5 Trento, 23 February: 6.1 µg/m³ Trento, 24 February: 6.7 µg/m³ Trento, 25 February: 8.3 µg/m³ Jesi Jesi, 12 February: 17.4 µg/m³ Jesi, 13 February: 23.5 µg/m³ Jesi, 14 February: 29.3 µg/m³ Jesi, 15 February: 32.8 µg/m³ Jesi, 16 February: no reading Jesi, 17 February: no reading Jesi, 18 February: no reading Jesi, 19 February: 54.7 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 21.0 Jesi, 20 February: 32.1 µg/m³ Jesi, 21 February: 22.6 µg/m³ Jesi, 22 February: 22.7 µg/m³ Jesi, 23 February: 18.2 µg/m³ Jesi, 24 February: 19.1 µg/m³ Jesi, 25 February: 20.0 µg/m³ Fabriano Fabriano, 12 February: 11.1 µg/m³ Fabriano, 13 February: 20.0 µg/m³ Fabriano, 14 February: 18.5 µg/m³ Fabriano, 15 February: 16.7 µg/m³ Fabriano, 16 February: no reading Fabriano, 17 February: no reading Fabriano, 18 February: no reading Fabriano, 19 February: 51.5 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 13.6 Fabriano, 20 February: 28.2 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 13.2 Fabriano, 21 February: 13.1 µg/m³ Fabriano, 22 February: 12.4 µg/m³ Fabriano, 23 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Fabriano, 24 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Fabriano, 25 February: 10.1 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima Falconara Marittima, 12 February: 11.3 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 13 February: 22.8 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 14 February: 26.8 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 15 February: 28.9 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 16 February: no reading Falconara Marittima, 17 February: no reading Falconara Marittima, 18 February: no reading Falconara Marittima, 19 February: 48.2 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 18.9 Falconara Marittima, 20 February: 32.9 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 21 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 22 February: 13.8 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 23 February: 11.0 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 24 February: 9.2 µg/m³ Falconara Marittima, 25 February: 12.6 µg/m³ Alessandria Alessandria, 12 February: 20.0 µg/m³ Alessandria, 13 February: 21.0 µg/m³ Alessandria, 14 February: 23.3 µg/m³ Alessandria, 15 February: 29.6 µg/m³ Alessandria, 16 February: no reading Alessandria, 17 February: no reading Alessandria, 18 February: no reading Alessandria, 19 February: no reading Alessandria, 20 February: 63.1 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 16.7 Alessandria, 21 February: 41.1 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 17.7 Alessandria, 22 February: 40.3 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 17.9 Alessandria, 23 February: 11.6 µg/m³ Alessandria, 24 February: 16.0 µg/m³ Alessandria, 25 February: 20.8 µg/m³ Pesaro Pesaro, 12 February: 10.8 µg/m³ Pesaro, 13 February: 26.8 µg/m³ Pesaro, 14 February: 31.9 µg/m³ Pesaro, 15 February: 35.6 µg/m³ Pesaro, 16 February: no reading Pesaro, 17 February: no reading Pesaro, 18 February: no reading Pesaro, 19 February: no reading Pesaro, 20 February: 37.4 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 15.9 Pesaro, 21 February: 20.2 µg/m³ Pesaro, 22 February: 9.9 µg/m³ Pesaro, 23 February: 5.8 µg/m³ Pesaro, 24 February: 5.8 µg/m³ Pesaro, 25 February: 7.1 µg/m³ Bellinzona Bellinzona, 12 February: 5.4 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 13 February: 6.6 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 14 February: 7.3 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 15 February: 8.4 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 16 February: 11.4 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 17 February: 15.1 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 18 February: 21.7 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 19 February: 17.6 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 20 February: 1.4 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 21 February: 13.8 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 22 February: 39.4 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 13.3 Bellinzona, 23 February: 2.4 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 24 February: 3.0 µg/m³ Bellinzona, 25 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Aosta Aosta, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³ Aosta, 13 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Aosta, 14 February: 12.1 µg/m³ Aosta, 15 February: 13.4 µg/m³ Aosta, 16 February: 16.8 µg/m³ Aosta, 17 February: 13.6 µg/m³ Aosta, 18 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Aosta, 19 February: 2.4 µg/m³ Aosta, 20 February: 2.3 µg/m³ Aosta, 21 February: 21.7 µg/m³ Aosta, 22 February: 30.9 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 10.7 Aosta, 23 February: 6.8 µg/m³ Aosta, 24 February: 7.7 µg/m³ Aosta, 25 February: 7.4 µg/m³ 12 Feb 14 16 18 20 22 24 Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more. Good 0–50
Moderate 51–100
Sensitive groups 101–150
Unhealthy 151–200
Very unhealthy 201–300
Hazardous 301+
Every city it reached
City Days Highest Usual Above usual
Lodi Lombardy, Italy 8 18 February 10.1 8.4× Mantua Lombardy, Italy 8 19 February 11.3 7.4× Como Lombardy, Italy 8 18 February 8.5 6.0× Vimercate Lombardy, Italy 8 20 February 12.0 5.7× Pavia Lombardy, Italy 8 19 February 15.7 5.5× Milan Lombardy, Italy 7 19 February 15.1 5.5× Bra Piedmont, Italy 7 22 February 10.9 5.5× Brescia Lombardy, Italy 4 16 February 12.8 5.3× Vigevano Lombardy, Italy 8 18 February 18.6 5.2× Novara Piedmont, Italy 8 19 February 13.3 5.0× Erba Lombardy, Italy 7 17 February 11.2 4.5× Rovereto Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 3 19 February 13.2 3.9× Alessandria Piedmont, Italy 3 20 February 16.7 3.8× Trento Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 3 19 February 14.4 3.8× Fabriano The Marches, Italy 2 19 February 13.6 3.8× Borgomanero Piedmont, Italy 4 22 February 13.2 3.4× Bellinzona Ticino, Switzerland 1 22 February 13.3 3.0× Lugano Ticino, Switzerland 3 22 February 13.0 2.9× Aosta Aosta Valley, Italy 1 22 February 10.7 2.9× Capannori Tuscany, Italy 4 16 February 23.4 2.7× Turin Piedmont, Italy 3 19 February 24.3 2.6× Jesi The Marches, Italy 1 19 February 21.0 2.6× Falconara Marittima The Marches, Italy 1 19 February 18.9 2.6× Avignon Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 2 16 February 12.4 2.5× Pesaro The Marches, Italy 1 20 February 15.9 2.4×
Daily means in µg/m³, over the days each city counted in this episode. Highest: its highest of those days. Usual: the city's median for the time of year of that day (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that, with a usual under 5 µg/m³ taken as 5.
Against other episodes in Italy and Switzerland
Number 2 of 4 episodes in Italy and Switzerland since our records began, by cities reached.
Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading.
Use this page SmogRank, Italy, Switzerland and France, February 2024: 25 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 15 to 22 February 2024, smogrank.com/episodes/2024-02-italy-switzerland-and-france (accessed 4 October 2026).
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You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms .
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes . Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.
