SmogRank / Episodes / Brazil

Southern Brazil, 25 to 28 July 2024

For 4 days, from 25 to 28 July 2024, 11 cities in Brazil had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: 49.2 µg/m³ on 28 July, about 5.0× its usual 9.9. Ended 28 July.

Likely smoke from firesFires were detected within 300 km of the city on 59% of the counted city-days. Satellites see crop, field and forest fires alike, so this doesn't say which burned.
Cities reached11in 1 country
Days425 to 28 July 2024
Worst day26 July10 cities counted
Furthest above usual5.0×Rio de Janeiro

Day by day

26 July 10 cities at twice their usual or more
JundiaíTaubatéPaulíniaGuaratinguetáPiracicabaLimeiraDuque de CaxiasTubarãoRio ClaroCampinasSão José dos CamposSantosAraucáriaSão PauloFerraz de VasconcelosItaquaquecetubaCuritibaRio de Janeiro

No fire and smoke map for this day.

22 Jul232425262728293031
Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.
  • Fires, seenHeat NASA satellites detected that day; bigger and glowing means more detections in the area. Farm burning and other fires count too, not only wildfires.

Under the cities, for each UTC day: fires NASA satellites detected, smoke NOAA analysts traced and volcanic ash warnings for aircraft. They show what was in the air, not that it caused the readings. Mapped for 7 of the 10 days shown.

Fires: NASA FIRMS (VIIRS). Traced smoke: NOAA Hazard Mapping System. Volcanic ash: aviation ash warnings (SIGMETs) via NOAA's Aviation Weather Center.

How it spread

ItaquaquecetubaItaquaquecetuba, 22 July: 36.3 µg/m³Itaquaquecetuba, 23 July: 53.5 µg/m³Itaquaquecetuba, 24 July: 32.2 µg/m³Itaquaquecetuba, 25 July: 41.6 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 15.6Itaquaquecetuba, 26 July: 45.7 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 15.6Itaquaquecetuba, 27 July: 34.5 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 15.6Itaquaquecetuba, 28 July: 35.7 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 15.8Itaquaquecetuba, 29 July: 39.5 µg/m³Itaquaquecetuba, 30 July: 3.6 µg/m³Itaquaquecetuba, 31 July: 8.8 µg/m³Ferraz de Vasconcel…Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 22 July: 39.3 µg/m³Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 23 July: 41.1 µg/m³Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 24 July: 32.6 µg/m³Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 25 July: 39.6 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 17.9Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 26 July: 49.1 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 18.0Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 27 July: 45.6 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 18.1Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 28 July: 41.7 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 18.3Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 29 July: 37.4 µg/m³Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 30 July: 4.4 µg/m³Ferraz de Vasconcelos, 31 July: 9.9 µg/m³São PauloSão Paulo, 22 July: 32.3 µg/m³São Paulo, 23 July: 23.3 µg/m³São Paulo, 24 July: 29.2 µg/m³São Paulo, 25 July: 35.0 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 16.8São Paulo, 26 July: 43.9 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 17.1São Paulo, 27 July: 37.2 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 18.0São Paulo, 28 July: 35.9 µg/m³São Paulo, 29 July: 27.5 µg/m³São Paulo, 30 July: 4.3 µg/m³São Paulo, 31 July: 12.3 µg/m³CuritibaCuritiba, 22 July: 30.6 µg/m³Curitiba, 23 July: 32.5 µg/m³Curitiba, 24 July: 39.2 µg/m³Curitiba, 25 July: 33.2 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 14.5Curitiba, 26 July: 44.0 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 14.9Curitiba, 27 July: 49.1 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 14.9Curitiba, 28 July: 34.1 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 14.8Curitiba, 29 July: 14.1 µg/m³Curitiba, 30 July: 2.3 µg/m³Curitiba, 31 July: 3.7 µg/m³CampinasCampinas, 22 July: 28.1 µg/m³Campinas, 23 July: 23.0 µg/m³Campinas, 24 July: 26.2 µg/m³Campinas, 25 July: 32.4 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 14.9Campinas, 26 July: 33.3 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 14.9Campinas, 27 July: 28.6 µg/m³Campinas, 28 July: 28.2 µg/m³Campinas, 29 July: 27.0 µg/m³Campinas, 30 July: 7.3 µg/m³Campinas, 31 July: 13.5 µg/m³SantosSantos, 22 July: 25.9 µg/m³Santos, 23 July: 21.6 µg/m³Santos, 24 July: 28.3 µg/m³Santos, 25 July: 29.1 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 14.5Santos, 26 July: 34.8 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 14.5Santos, 27 July: 26.3 µg/m³Santos, 28 July: 31.1 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 14.5Santos, 29 July: 17.1 µg/m³Santos, 30 July: 3.0 µg/m³Santos, 31 July: 8.1 µg/m³Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, 22 July: 26.7 µg/m³Rio de Janeiro, 23 July: 27.3 µg/m³Rio de Janeiro, 24 July: 29.3 µg/m³Rio de Janeiro, 25 July: 27.5 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 9.8Rio de Janeiro, 26 July: 35.0 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 9.9Rio de Janeiro, 27 July: 43.1 µg/m³, 4.4× its usual 9.9Rio de Janeiro, 28 July: 49.2 µg/m³, 5.0× its usual 9.9Rio de Janeiro, 29 July: 23.0 µg/m³Rio de Janeiro, 30 July: 7.1 µg/m³Rio de Janeiro, 31 July: 3.6 µg/m³São José dos CamposSão José dos Campos, 22 July: 22.3 µg/m³São José dos Campos, 23 July: 19.9 µg/m³São José dos Campos, 24 July: 20.8 µg/m³São José dos Campos, 25 July: 25.6 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 12.7São José dos Campos, 26 July: 28.8 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 12.7São José dos Campos, 27 July: 23.3 µg/m³São José dos Campos, 28 July: 28.0 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 13.2São José dos Campos, 29 July: 21.4 µg/m³São José dos Campos, 30 July: 6.9 µg/m³São José dos Campos, 31 July: 7.0 µg/m³AraucáriaAraucária, 22 July: 19.2 µg/m³Araucária, 23 July: 34.1 µg/m³Araucária, 24 July: 33.1 µg/m³Araucária, 25 July: 30.4 µg/m³Araucária, 26 July: 41.6 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 16.4Araucária, 27 July: 39.7 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 16.4Araucária, 28 July: 27.9 µg/m³Araucária, 29 July: 10.6 µg/m³Araucária, 30 July: 5.9 µg/m³Araucária, 31 July: 10.4 µg/m³TubarãoTubarão, 22 July: 13.0 µg/m³Tubarão, 23 July: 22.5 µg/m³Tubarão, 24 July: 19.2 µg/m³Tubarão, 25 July: 18.5 µg/m³Tubarão, 26 July: 26.7 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 12.5Tubarão, 27 July: 25.6 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 12.6Tubarão, 28 July: 23.0 µg/m³Tubarão, 29 July: 8.3 µg/m³Tubarão, 30 July: 7.3 µg/m³Tubarão, 31 July: 5.1 µg/m³Rio ClaroRio Claro, 22 July: 35.6 µg/m³Rio Claro, 23 July: 38.1 µg/m³Rio Claro, 24 July: 39.8 µg/m³Rio Claro, 25 July: 33.0 µg/m³Rio Claro, 26 July: 41.0 µg/m³Rio Claro, 27 July: 46.2 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 21.6Rio Claro, 28 July: 39.0 µg/m³Rio Claro, 29 July: 37.6 µg/m³Rio Claro, 30 July: 9.6 µg/m³Rio Claro, 31 July: 15.3 µg/m³22 Jul232425262728293031
Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more.
Good0–50
Moderate51–100
Sensitive groups101–150
Unhealthy151–200
Very unhealthy201–300
Hazardous301+

Every city it reached

CityDaysHighestUsualAbove usual
Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil4 49.228 July9.95.0×
CuritibaParaná, Brazil4 49.127 July14.93.3×
ItaquaquecetubaSão Paulo, Brazil4 45.726 July15.62.9×
Ferraz de VasconcelosSão Paulo, Brazil4 49.126 July18.02.7×
São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil3 43.926 July17.12.6×
AraucáriaParaná, Brazil2 41.626 July16.42.5×
SantosSão Paulo, Brazil3 34.826 July14.52.4×
São José dos CamposSão Paulo, Brazil3 28.826 July12.72.3×
CampinasSão Paulo, Brazil2 33.326 July14.92.2×
Rio ClaroSão Paulo, Brazil1 46.227 July21.62.1×
TubarãoSanta Catarina, Brazil2 26.726 July12.52.1×

Daily means in µg/m³, over the days each city counted in this episode. Highest: its highest of those days. Usual: the city's median for the time of year of that day (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that, with a usual under 5 µg/m³ taken as 5.

Against other episodes in Brazil

Number 9 of 20 episodes in Brazil since our records began, by cities reached.

Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 20.

Use this page

SmogRank, Southern Brazil, 25 to 28 July 2024: 11 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 25 to 28 July 2024, smogrank.com/episodes/2024-07-25-southern-brazil (accessed 12 October 2026).

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You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.

An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source. Fire detections from NASA FIRMS; smoke maps from NOAA HMS. Dust: contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information 2024. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.