Central Europe, February and March 2023
For 5 days, from 28 February to 4 March 2023, 274 cities in France, Germany, Poland and 9 more countries had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Radomsko, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland: 148.0 µg/m³ on 1 March, about 5.8× its usual 25.3.
Day by day
How it spread
Every city it reached
| City | Days | Highest | Above usual |
|---|---|---|---|
| La RochelleNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 48.23 March | 8.6× |
| Lons-le-SaunierBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 2 | 37.83 March | 7.6× |
| AngoulêmeNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 49.53 March | 7.5× |
| TroyesGrand Est, France | 2 | 39.13 March | 7.4× |
| La Roche-sur-YonPays de la Loire, France | 2 | 52.33 March | 7.4× |
| NiortNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 52.73 March | 7.2× |
| MontluçonAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 45.44 March | 6.8× |
| ChâteaurouxCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 52.83 March | 6.8× |
| Clermont-FerrandAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 2 | 43.24 March | 6.6× |
| AngersPays de la Loire, France | 2 | 43.73 March | 6.6× |
| Saint-ChamondAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 40.84 March | 6.5× |
| Bourg-en-BresseAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 51.63 March | 6.4× |
| AlbertvilleAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 48.34 March | 6.4× |
| ChambéryAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 2 | 49.04 March | 6.3× |
| HeerlenLimburg, The Netherlands | 1 | 41.13 March | 6.1× |
| BordeauxNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 50.94 March | 6.1× |
| LimogesNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 47.23 March | 6.1× |
| OlivetCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 41.73 March | 6.0× |
| VesoulBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 3 | 42.23 March | 6.0× |
| CouëronPays de la Loire, France | 2 | 36.03 March | 6.0× |
| MontaubanOccitanie, France | 2 | 41.34 March | 6.0× |
| MoulinsAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 2 | 51.43 March | 6.0× |
| MâconBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 2 | 32.63 March | 5.9× |
| Saint-ÉtienneAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 43.84 March | 5.9× |
| MarmandeNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 37.84 March | 5.9× |
| PoitiersNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 46.03 March | 5.9× |
| BourgesCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 48.13 March | 5.9× |
| RadomskoŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 3 | 148.01 March | 5.8× |
| ToulouseOccitanie, France | 1 | 42.94 March | 5.8× |
| ÉtampesÎle-de-France, France | 2 | 37.93 March | 5.7× |
| BloisCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 40.13 March | 5.7× |
| PérigueuxNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 45.23 March | 5.7× |
| PauNew Aquitaine, France | 1 | 39.34 March | 5.7× |
| EupenWallonia, Belgium | 1 | 35.13 March | 5.7× |
| BesançonBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 2 | 41.23 March | 5.6× |
| BergheimNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 42.93 March | 5.5× |
| LormontNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 42.24 March | 5.5× |
| RodezOccitanie, France | 2 | 30.64 March | 5.5× |
| LourdesOccitanie, France | 1 | 30.54 March | 5.4× |
| NantesPays de la Loire, France | 2 | 40.33 March | 5.4× |
| Joué-lès-ToursCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 44.83 March | 5.4× |
| AuxerreBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 3 | 44.23 March | 5.4× |
| AnnemasseAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 2 | 48.43 March | 5.4× |
| AurillacAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 2 | 26.54 March | 5.3× |
| FreiburgBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 39.73 March | 5.2× |
| Montceau-les-MinesBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 2 | 36.03 March | 5.1× |
| FontainebleauÎle-de-France, France | 2 | 32.13 March | 5.1× |
| AachenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 43.33 March | 5.0× |
| LörrachBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 45.33 March | 5.0× |
| HernaniBasque Country, Spain | 1 | 37.25 March | 5.0× |
| GrenobleAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 47.14 March | 5.0× |
| Chalon-sur-SaôneBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 2 | 36.83 March | 5.0× |
| MeylanAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 50.04 March | 5.0× |
| DijonBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 2 | 30.13 March | 4.9× |
| DurangoBasque Country, Spain | 1 | 36.06 March | 4.9× |
| ValenceAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 44.84 March | 4.9× |
| MontargisCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 39.23 March | 4.9× |
| MönchengladbachNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 43.73 March | 4.7× |
| Aix-en-ProvenceProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 3 | 34.54 March | 4.7× |
| Saint-NazairePays de la Loire, France | 2 | 30.73 March | 4.7× |
| ToursCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 39.13 March | 4.6× |
| TarbesOccitanie, France | 1 | 40.64 March | 4.6× |
| JülichNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 43.33 March | 4.6× |
| ForbachGrand Est, France | 1 | 35.23 March | 4.5× |
| Saint-DizierGrand Est, France | 2 | 37.03 March | 4.5× |
| OrléansCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 45.03 March | 4.5× |
| StarnbergBavaria, Germany | 2 | 27.32 March | 4.5× |
| MüllheimBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 37.83 March | 4.4× |
| KościanGreater Poland, Poland | 3 | 121.21 March | 4.4× |
| VerdunGrand Est, France | 1 | 36.63 March | 4.4× |
| MeyzieuAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 42.94 March | 4.4× |
| Salon-de-ProvenceProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 2 | 32.85 March | 4.4× |
| Villefranche-sur-SaôneAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 40.03 March | 4.3× |
| Marche-en-FamenneWallonia, Belgium | 1 | 27.83 March | 4.3× |
| Le MansPays de la Loire, France | 2 | 34.33 March | 4.3× |
| Frýdek-MístekMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 77.62 March | 4.3× |
| LiègeWallonia, Belgium | 1 | 33.33 March | 4.3× |
| LensHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 26.32 March | 4.3× |
| Romans-sur-IsèreAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 48.54 March | 4.3× |
| Kempten (Allgäu)Bavaria, Germany | 2 | 36.43 March | 4.2× |
| MarignaneProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 2 | 37.34 March | 4.2× |
| ÉpernayGrand Est, France | 2 | 29.33 March | 4.2× |
| JüchenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 39.93 March | 4.2× |
| LisieuxNormandy, France | 1 | 28.42 March | 4.1× |
| Mont-de-MarsanNew Aquitaine, France | 1 | 31.83 March | 4.1× |
| RambouilletÎle-de-France, France | 2 | 31.72 March | 4.1× |
| MulhouseGrand Est, France | 2 | 45.73 March | 4.0× |
| NysaOpole Voivodeship, Poland | 3 | 62.72 March | 4.0× |
| BendorfRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 25.73 March | 4.0× |
| MelunÎle-de-France, France | 2 | 35.03 March | 3.9× |
| KrosnoSubcarpathia, Poland | 3 | 55.12 March | 3.9× |
| ÉpinalGrand Est, France | 2 | 35.53 March | 3.9× |
| SarcellesÎle-de-France, France | 2 | 33.92 March | 3.9× |
| ReutlingenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 38.53 March | 3.9× |
| DreuxCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 30.32 March | 3.8× |
| DomontÎle-de-France, France | 2 | 26.72 March | 3.8× |
| ChartresCentre-Val de Loire, France | 2 | 32.33 March | 3.8× |
| MarseilleProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 3 | 31.95 March | 3.8× |
| ZlínZlín, Czechia | 3 | 56.43 March | 3.8× |
| Baden-BadenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 29.13 March | 3.8× |
| StarachowiceŚwiętokrzyskie, Poland | 3 | 89.92 March | 3.8× |
| KonstanzBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 39.14 March | 3.8× |
| Villingen-SchwenningenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 27.03 March | 3.8× |
| KroměřížZlín, Czechia | 3 | 47.53 March | 3.7× |
| HerrenbergBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 31.03 March | 3.7× |
| ReimsGrand Est, France | 2 | 31.63 March | 3.7× |
| RzeszówSubcarpathia, Poland | 4 | 91.01 March | 3.7× |
| AugustówPodlasie, Poland | 1 | 79.128 February | 3.7× |
| LindauBavaria, Germany | 2 | 38.84 March | 3.7× |
| RennesBrittany, France | 2 | 29.22 March | 3.7× |
| FriedrichshafenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 40.34 March | 3.6× |
| Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 30.23 March | 3.6× |
| TübingenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 36.43 March | 3.6× |
| MunichBavaria, Germany | 2 | 34.93 March | 3.6× |
| Český TěšínMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 65.82 March | 3.5× |
| KoblenzRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 42.83 March | 3.5× |
| LunévilleGrand Est, France | 2 | 39.23 March | 3.5× |
| BonnNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 33.83 March | 3.5× |
| JasłoSubcarpathia, Poland | 3 | 59.02 March | 3.5× |
| Valašské MeziříčíZlín, Czechia | 3 | 67.62 March | 3.5× |
| MontbéliardBourgogne-Franche-Comté, France | 2 | 43.23 March | 3.5× |
| HraniceOlomouc Region, Czechia | 3 | 51.92 March | 3.5× |
| VitrollesProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 2 | 33.95 March | 3.5× |
| HaguenauGrand Est, France | 1 | 32.83 March | 3.5× |
| NamurWallonia, Belgium | 1 | 25.23 March | 3.5× |
| ArlesProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 2 | 34.14 March | 3.4× |
| LyonAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 2 | 34.44 March | 3.4× |
| StrasbourgGrand Est, France | 2 | 40.13 March | 3.4× |
| AlençonNormandy, France | 2 | 26.83 March | 3.4× |
| ParisÎle-de-France, France | 2 | 31.42 March | 3.4× |
| AnnecyAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 1 | 40.54 March | 3.3× |
| TarnówLesser Poland, Poland | 3 | 72.01 March | 3.3× |
| DaxNew Aquitaine, France | 2 | 36.33 March | 3.3× |
| KarvináMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 2 | 66.62 March | 3.3× |
| RatingenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 29.03 March | 3.3× |
| Saint-MaloBrittany, France | 1 | 25.72 March | 3.3× |
| RacibórzSilesia, Poland | 4 | 75.72 March | 3.3× |
| AvignonProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 2 | 33.54 March | 3.3× |
| Fos-sur-MerProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 1 | 26.53 March | 3.3× |
| BeauvaisHauts-de-France, France | 2 | 29.42 March | 3.3× |
| Saint-QuentinHauts-de-France, France | 2 | 28.03 March | 3.3× |
| BurghausenBavaria, Germany | 1 | 36.03 March | 3.2× |
| AugsburgBavaria, Germany | 1 | 35.03 March | 3.2× |
| Biberach an der RißBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 33.53 March | 3.2× |
| ÉvreuxNormandy, France | 1 | 27.92 March | 3.2× |
| ManosqueProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 1 | 28.85 March | 3.2× |
| SolingenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 29.43 March | 3.2× |
| SallanchesAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 3 | 43.23 March | 3.2× |
| VannesBrittany, France | 1 | 26.92 March | 3.2× |
| CreilHauts-de-France, France | 2 | 30.52 March | 3.1× |
| NeuwiedRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 40.73 March | 3.1× |
| AalenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 30.33 March | 3.1× |
| DüsseldorfNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 31.73 March | 3.1× |
| HodonínSouth Moravian, Czechia | 3 | 48.73 March | 3.1× |
| PforzheimBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 28.03 March | 3.1× |
| Neu-UlmBavaria, Germany | 1 | 34.43 March | 3.1× |
| KölnNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 33.03 March | 3.1× |
| GardanneProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 3 | 32.95 March | 3.0× |
| NancyGrand Est, France | 2 | 35.03 March | 3.0× |
| KrefeldNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 2 | 35.33 March | 3.0× |
| DieppeNormandy, France | 1 | 25.72 March | 3.0× |
| BohumínMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 76.32 March | 3.0× |
| WawerMazovia, Poland | 4 | 54.71 March | 3.0× |
| OstravaMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 63.12 March | 2.9× |
| KrapkowiceOpole Voivodeship, Poland | 2 | 52.72 March | 2.9× |
| MielecSubcarpathia, Poland | 3 | 67.71 March | 2.9× |
| CoulommiersÎle-de-France, France | 1 | 34.42 March | 2.9× |
| FilderstadtBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 31.73 March | 2.9× |
| BogatyniaLower Silesia, Poland | 2 | 39.32 March | 2.9× |
| ŁaskŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 2 | 95.01 March | 2.9× |
| TřinecMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 56.42 March | 2.9× |
| Sainte-Geneviève-des-BoisÎle-de-France, France | 1 | 37.62 March | 2.9× |
| Le HavreNormandy, France | 1 | 25.02 March | 2.9× |
| TrierRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 32.13 March | 2.9× |
| BadenLower Austria, Austria | 1 | 26.32 March | 2.9× |
| PřerovOlomouc Region, Czechia | 2 | 53.23 March | 2.9× |
| MalackyBratislava Region, Slovakia | 2 | 46.03 March | 2.9× |
| SaarbrückenSaarland, Germany | 1 | 28.03 March | 2.9× |
| TraunreutBavaria, Germany | 1 | 30.83 March | 2.9× |
| AmiensHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 26.52 March | 2.8× |
| LudwigsburgBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 31.63 March | 2.8× |
| MetzGrand Est, France | 1 | 27.63 March | 2.8× |
| KłodzkoLower Silesia, Poland | 3 | 85.92 March | 2.8× |
| RouenNormandy, France | 1 | 27.82 March | 2.8× |
| KarlsruheBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 29.53 March | 2.8× |
| HattingenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 27.53 March | 2.8× |
| KehlBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 30.73 March | 2.8× |
| KaliszGreater Poland, Poland | 2 | 90.11 March | 2.8× |
| OpavaMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 51.62 March | 2.8× |
| HavířovMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 64.02 March | 2.8× |
| KelheimBavaria, Germany | 1 | 27.53 March | 2.8× |
| BéthuneHauts-de-France, France | 2 | 27.92 March | 2.7× |
| DębicaSubcarpathia, Poland | 3 | 73.21 March | 2.7× |
| UlmBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 34.33 March | 2.7× |
| KladnoCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 2 | 36.22 March | 2.7× |
| JarosławSubcarpathia, Poland | 2 | 62.61 March | 2.7× |
| ŽideniceSouth Moravian, Czechia | 1 | 45.83 March | 2.7× |
| GapProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France | 1 | 27.24 March | 2.7× |
| WrocławLower Silesia, Poland | 1 | 65.62 March | 2.7× |
| ZamośćLublin, Poland | 3 | 62.328 February | 2.7× |
| SenicaTrnava Region, Slovakia | 2 | 43.73 March | 2.7× |
| DuisburgNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 28.63 March | 2.7× |
| IngolstadtBavaria, Germany | 1 | 34.13 March | 2.7× |
| StuttgartBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 32.23 March | 2.6× |
| BratislavaBratislava Region, Slovakia | 1 | 37.93 March | 2.6× |
| OtwockMazovia, Poland | 1 | 80.82 March | 2.6× |
| PerchtoldsdorfLower Austria, Austria | 3 | 33.72 March | 2.6× |
| Novo MestoUrban Municipality of Novo Mesto, Slovenia | 2 | 46.53 March | 2.6× |
| LiberecLiberec Region, Czechia | 2 | 36.12 March | 2.5× |
| BrnoSouth Moravian, Czechia | 2 | 39.43 March | 2.5× |
| WuppertalNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 26.03 March | 2.5× |
| VenloLimburg, The Netherlands | 1 | 25.23 March | 2.5× |
| JihlavaVysocina, Czechia | 3 | 39.33 March | 2.5× |
| Czechowice-DziedziceSilesia, Poland | 1 | 70.73 March | 2.5× |
| ŻyrardówMazovia, Poland | 2 | 60.82 March | 2.5× |
| PardubicePardubice Region, Czechia | 2 | 43.43 March | 2.5× |
| ViennaVienna, Austria | 3 | 31.72 March | 2.5× |
| KranjUrban Municipality of Kranj, Slovenia | 3 | 40.53 March | 2.5× |
| České BudějoviceSouth Bohemian Region, Czechia | 2 | 35.13 March | 2.5× |
| TrebišovKošice Region, Slovakia | 1 | 51.64 March | 2.4× |
| BihaćFederation of B&H, Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 72.84 March | 2.4× |
| EssenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 25.23 March | 2.4× |
| RadomMazovia, Poland | 3 | 58.028 February | 2.4× |
| LublinLublin, Poland | 2 | 58.01 March | 2.4× |
| WarsteinNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 25.11 March | 2.4× |
| KatowiceSilesia, Poland | 2 | 57.92 March | 2.4× |
| KošiceKošice Region, Slovakia | 1 | 50.84 March | 2.4× |
| AnsbachBavaria, Germany | 1 | 27.53 March | 2.4× |
| HumennéPrešov Region, Slovakia | 1 | 50.74 March | 2.4× |
| AnconaThe Marches, Italy | 1 | 33.73 March | 2.4× |
| Kędzierzyn-KoźleOpole Voivodeship, Poland | 2 | 48.31 March | 2.4× |
| Jelenia GóraLower Silesia, Poland | 2 | 55.22 March | 2.3× |
| SpeyerRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 31.34 March | 2.3× |
| KrakówLesser Poland, Poland | 2 | 62.83 March | 2.3× |
| DěčínÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 1 | 50.82 March | 2.3× |
| PraguePrague, Czechia | 1 | 34.62 March | 2.3× |
| TrnavaTrnava Region, Slovakia | 1 | 36.43 March | 2.3× |
| ŁódźŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 1 | 55.82 March | 2.3× |
| MödlingLower Austria, Austria | 1 | 28.22 March | 2.3× |
| KlosterneuburgLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 32.62 March | 2.2× |
| DillingenSaarland, Germany | 1 | 26.53 March | 2.2× |
| KutnoŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 1 | 64.92 March | 2.2× |
| Bielsko-BialaSilesia, Poland | 1 | 70.22 March | 2.2× |
| BerounCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 1 | 43.92 March | 2.2× |
| Devínska Nová VesBratislava Region, Slovakia | 1 | 32.73 March | 2.2× |
| PassauBavaria, Germany | 1 | 30.63 March | 2.2× |
| ZnojmoSouth Moravian, Czechia | 2 | 38.13 March | 2.2× |
| ŻaryLubusz, Poland | 2 | 35.42 March | 2.2× |
| KielceŚwiętokrzyskie, Poland | 1 | 53.22 March | 2.2× |
| DortmundNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 27.73 March | 2.2× |
| Klagenfurt am WörtherseeCarinthia, Austria | 1 | 27.82 March | 2.2× |
| KomárnoNitra Region, Slovakia | 1 | 33.73 March | 2.2× |
| KadaňÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 2 | 31.32 March | 2.2× |
| GreizThuringia, Germany | 2 | 25.92 March | 2.2× |
| WłocławekKujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland | 2 | 75.028 February | 2.1× |
| OlomoucOlomouc Region, Czechia | 1 | 42.33 March | 2.1× |
| NiskoSubcarpathia, Poland | 1 | 52.12 March | 2.1× |
| SaalfeldThuringia, Germany | 2 | 26.22 March | 2.1× |
| SteyrUpper Austria, Austria | 1 | 25.72 March | 2.1× |
| Zielona GóraLubusz, Poland | 1 | 32.22 March | 2.1× |
| SninaPrešov Region, Slovakia | 1 | 27.74 March | 2.1× |
| PezinokBratislava Region, Slovakia | 1 | 32.63 March | 2.1× |
| SenecBratislava Region, Slovakia | 1 | 32.93 March | 2.1× |
| ČadcaŽilina Region, Slovakia | 1 | 42.83 March | 2.1× |
| Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové Region, Czechia | 1 | 40.53 March | 2.1× |
| Jastrzębie ZdrójSilesia, Poland | 2 | 59.11 March | 2.1× |
| ŁukówLublin, Poland | 1 | 42.51 March | 2.1× |
| BardejovPrešov Region, Slovakia | 2 | 37.24 March | 2.1× |
| LęborkPomerania, Poland | 1 | 46.028 February | 2.0× |
| TrenčínTrenčín Region, Slovakia | 1 | 39.43 March | 2.0× |
| PrešovPrešov Region, Slovakia | 1 | 45.44 March | 2.0× |
| HagenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 25.43 March | 2.0× |
| MostÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 1 | 34.22 March | 2.0× |
| WeidenBavaria, Germany | 1 | 25.23 March | 2.0× |
Daily means in µg/m³. Usual: the city's median for this time of year (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that.
Against other episodes in France and Germany
Number 2 of 18 episodes in France and Germany since our records began, by cities reached.
- Central Europe, February 2023604
- Central Europe, February and March 2023274
- Western Europe, March 2023119
- Eastern Europe, December 2023107
- Southern Europe, December 202397
- North-eastern Spain and France, February 202372
- France, The Netherlands and United Kingdom, January 202366
- Central Europe, April 202365
- France, Belgium and United Kingdom, November and December 202343
- France and Belgium, April 202336
- Belgium and Germany, May 202326
- Germany, Slovakia and 2 more countries, June 202319
Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 18.
Use this page
SmogRank, Central Europe, February and March 2023: 274 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 28 February to 4 March 2023, smogrank.com/episodes/2023-02-central-europe-2 (accessed 2 October 2026).
You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.