SmogRank / Episodes / France
South-western Europe, February 2024
For 5 days, from 5 to 9 February 2024, 37 cities in France, Spain, Italy and 4 more countries had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Rovereto, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy: 76.0 µg/m³ on 6 February, about 4.9× its usual 15.5.
No cause named We have no fire or smoke records for these days, so we only say what the measurements show.
Cities reached 37 in 7 countries
Days 5 5 to 9 February 2024
Worst day 6 February 27 cities counted
Furthest above usual 4.9× Pontevedra
Day by day
Play 6 February 27 cities at twice their usual or more
Lunel Vitrolles Perpignan Girona Nîmes Gardanne Aix-en-Provence Avignon La Garde Manlleu Mollet del Vallès Ciutadella Barcelona Castres Valence Rodez Vilanova i la Geltrú Gap Romans-sur-Isère Cannes Marratxí Palma Nice Toulouse Saint-Chamond Meylan Aurillac Menton Montauban Lyon Meyzieu Chambéry Villefranche-sur-Saône Clermont-Ferrand Lleida Bourg-en-Bresse Annecy Mâcon Bra Sallanches Turin Annemasse Montceau-les-Mines Moulins Montluçon Chalon-sur-Saône Aosta Lons-le-Saunier Périgueux Limoges Marmande Benicàssim Nevers Castelló de la Plana Dole Alessandria Burriana Bastia Dijon Mont-de-Marsan Onda Bourges Besançon Zaragoza Grao de Murviedro Sagunto Châteauroux Novara Borgomanero Angoulême Valencia Lormont Bordeaux Pavia Auxerre Bern Ribarroja del Turia Algiers Vesoul Varese La Spezia Saronno Milan Montbéliard Como Monza Poitiers Lugano Lodi Tudela Erba Vimercate Anglet Ontinyent Bellinzona Olivet Treviglio Blois Lecco Basel Alicante Dalmine Mulhouse Lörrach Bergamo Joué-lès-Tours Niort Tours Cremona Calahorra Villena Elda Capannori Hernani Donostia / San Sebastián Müllheim Oria Zürich Torrevieja Zarautz Sondrio La Rochelle Cuenca Murcia Molina de Segura Albacete Mantua Barrio de Peral Gasteiz / Vitoria Cartagena Amorebieta Angers Bermeo Kreuzlingen Konstanz La Roche-sur-Yon Friedrichshafen Getxo Lindau Lorca Nantes Azuqueca de Henares Couëron Alcalá de Henares Algete Torrejón de Ardoz Kempten (Allgäu) Burgos Coslada Madrid Saint-Nazaire Valdemoro Fuenlabrada Móstoles Collado-Villalba Fabriano Innsbruck Pesaro Almería Toledo Palencia Ciudad Real Jesi Vannes Valladolid Falconara Marittima Puertollano Ancona Jaén Medina del Campo Civitanova Marche Granada Lorient Saalfelden am Steinernen Meer León Naples Caserta Acerra Sama Salamanca Oviedo Avilés Benevento Salerno Cártama Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Wolfsberg Lugo Viveiro Graz Vila Real Huelva Lalín Narón Ferrol A Coruña Arteixo Santiago de Compostela Ponte de Lima Koprivnica Banja Luka Ceglie Messapica Faro Corroios Sarajevo Cacém Győr Pécs Bar Komárno Podgorica Liberpolis Pljevlja Dunaújváros Esztergom Užice Futog Gyál Novi Sad Gyöngyös Grenoble Manosque Tarbes Givors Bailén Ourense Rijeka Tarragona Arles Gijón Fos-sur-Mer Fréjus Vigevano Monaco Montpellier Sevilla Amora Marseille Marignane Brescia Pau Albertville Saint-Étienne Vigo Lisbon Salon-de-Provence Veszprém Lourdes Durango Salou Laudio / Llodio Bolzano Trento Bilbao Pontevedra Paredes Rovereto 2 Feb 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.
How it spread
Vigo Vigo, 2 February: 41.7 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Vigo, 3 February: 26.6 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Vigo, 4 February: 30.4 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Vigo, 5 February: 36.7 µg/m³, 3.0× usual Vigo, 6 February: 33.0 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Vigo, 7 February: 29.5 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Vigo, 8 February: 17.7 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Vigo, 9 February: 11.1 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Vigo, 10 February: 8.5 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Vigo, 11 February: 7.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Vigo, 12 February: 8.9 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Pontevedra Pontevedra, 2 February: 33.0 µg/m³, 5.6× usual Pontevedra, 3 February: 18.3 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Pontevedra, 4 February: 20.5 µg/m³, 3.5× usual Pontevedra, 5 February: 25.2 µg/m³, 4.3× usual Pontevedra, 6 February: 25.3 µg/m³, 4.3× usual Pontevedra, 7 February: 18.6 µg/m³, 3.2× usual Pontevedra, 8 February: 8.5 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Pontevedra, 9 February: 5.6 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Pontevedra, 10 February: 7.1 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Pontevedra, 11 February: 3.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Pontevedra, 12 February: 5.7 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Paredes Paredes, 2 February: 29.9 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Paredes, 3 February: 18.9 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Paredes, 4 February: 34.1 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Paredes, 5 February: 43.6 µg/m³, 3.0× usual Paredes, 6 February: 64.5 µg/m³, 4.5× usual Paredes, 7 February: 24.5 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Paredes, 8 February: no reading Paredes, 9 February: no reading Paredes, 10 February: no reading Paredes, 11 February: no reading Paredes, 12 February: no reading Amora Amora, 2 February: 26.5 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Amora, 3 February: 26.3 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Amora, 4 February: 27.0 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Amora, 5 February: 28.5 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Amora, 6 February: 16.4 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Amora, 7 February: 7.3 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Amora, 8 February: 3.3 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Amora, 9 February: 3.3 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Amora, 10 February: 7.5 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Amora, 11 February: 8.5 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Amora, 12 February: 5.6 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Lourdes Lourdes, 2 February: 25.6 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Lourdes, 3 February: 27.7 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Lourdes, 4 February: 25.5 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Lourdes, 5 February: 21.8 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Lourdes, 6 February: 28.8 µg/m³, 3.5× usual Lourdes, 7 February: 21.1 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Lourdes, 8 February: 5.9 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Lourdes, 9 February: 5.4 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Lourdes, 10 February: 3.8 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Lourdes, 11 February: 6.6 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Lourdes, 12 February: 3.7 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Pau Pau, 2 February: 25.5 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Pau, 3 February: 16.3 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Pau, 4 February: 23.2 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Pau, 5 February: 18.4 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Pau, 6 February: 26.5 µg/m³, 2.9× usual Pau, 7 February: 18.8 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Pau, 8 February: 13.3 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Pau, 9 February: 5.6 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Pau, 10 February: 4.4 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Pau, 11 February: 7.0 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Pau, 12 February: 5.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Fréjus Fréjus, 2 February: 19.6 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Fréjus, 3 February: 29.1 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Fréjus, 4 February: 34.2 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Fréjus, 5 February: 33.8 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Fréjus, 6 February: 30.7 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Fréjus, 7 February: 20.3 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Fréjus, 8 February: 10.8 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Fréjus, 9 February: 10.5 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Fréjus, 10 February: 7.0 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Fréjus, 11 February: 2.1 µg/m³, 0.1× usual Fréjus, 12 February: 5.6 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Bailén Bailén, 2 February: no reading Bailén, 3 February: 22.8 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Bailén, 4 February: 34.7 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Bailén, 5 February: 31.0 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Bailén, 6 February: 28.7 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Bailén, 7 February: 20.9 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Bailén, 8 February: 28.2 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Bailén, 9 February: 6.6 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Bailén, 10 February: 5.7 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Bailén, 11 February: 10.9 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Bailén, 12 February: 8.5 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Grenoble Grenoble, 2 February: 16.6 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Grenoble, 3 February: 18.7 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Grenoble, 4 February: 29.6 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Grenoble, 5 February: 27.1 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Grenoble, 6 February: 22.5 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Grenoble, 7 February: 19.6 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Grenoble, 8 February: 12.0 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Grenoble, 9 February: 2.6 µg/m³, 0.2× usual Grenoble, 10 February: 7.4 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Grenoble, 11 February: 6.5 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Grenoble, 12 February: 8.6 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Tarbes Tarbes, 2 February: 19.4 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Tarbes, 3 February: 18.7 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Tarbes, 4 February: 27.0 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Tarbes, 5 February: 19.3 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Tarbes, 6 February: 25.6 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Tarbes, 7 February: 25.4 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Tarbes, 8 February: 12.2 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Tarbes, 9 February: 6.9 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Tarbes, 10 February: 4.7 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Tarbes, 11 February: 6.6 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Tarbes, 12 February: 5.5 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Trento Trento, 2 February: 20.8 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Trento, 3 February: 16.1 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Trento, 4 February: 17.3 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Trento, 5 February: 47.2 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Trento, 6 February: 72.6 µg/m³, 4.2× usual Trento, 7 February: 58.3 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Trento, 8 February: 62.1 µg/m³, 3.6× usual Trento, 9 February: 39.4 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Trento, 10 February: 10.0 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Trento, 11 February: 10.5 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Trento, 12 February: 6.8 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Rovereto Rovereto, 2 February: 15.0 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Rovereto, 3 February: 19.0 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Rovereto, 4 February: 20.6 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Rovereto, 5 February: 46.7 µg/m³, 3.0× usual Rovereto, 6 February: 76.0 µg/m³, 4.9× usual Rovereto, 7 February: 62.6 µg/m³, 4.0× usual Rovereto, 8 February: 71.4 µg/m³, 4.6× usual Rovereto, 9 February: 40.5 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Rovereto, 10 February: 6.5 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Rovereto, 11 February: 10.8 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Rovereto, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Sevilla Sevilla, 2 February: 24.3 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Sevilla, 3 February: 19.3 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Sevilla, 4 February: 20.2 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Sevilla, 5 February: 28.9 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Sevilla, 6 February: 27.0 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Sevilla, 7 February: 16.0 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Sevilla, 8 February: 17.4 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Sevilla, 9 February: 6.8 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Sevilla, 10 February: 4.9 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Sevilla, 11 February: 4.2 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Sevilla, 12 February: 5.5 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Albertville Albertville, 2 February: 14.7 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Albertville, 3 February: 15.2 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Albertville, 4 February: 23.4 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Albertville, 5 February: 27.5 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Albertville, 6 February: 30.0 µg/m³, 2.9× usual Albertville, 7 February: 17.8 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Albertville, 8 February: 6.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Albertville, 9 February: 9.2 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Albertville, 10 February: 7.2 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Albertville, 11 February: 5.3 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Albertville, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Givors Givors, 2 February: 8.1 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Givors, 3 February: 19.8 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Givors, 4 February: 14.4 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Givors, 5 February: 26.9 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Givors, 6 February: 23.9 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Givors, 7 February: no reading Givors, 8 February: no reading Givors, 9 February: no reading Givors, 10 February: no reading Givors, 11 February: no reading Givors, 12 February: no reading Saint-Étienne Saint-Étienne, 2 February: 5.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Saint-Étienne, 3 February: 11.8 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Saint-Étienne, 4 February: 21.0 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Saint-Étienne, 5 February: 26.4 µg/m³, 3.0× usual Saint-Étienne, 6 February: 15.0 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Saint-Étienne, 7 February: 8.5 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Saint-Étienne, 8 February: 5.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Saint-Étienne, 9 February: 3.6 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Saint-Étienne, 10 February: 2.4 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Saint-Étienne, 11 February: 4.9 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Saint-Étienne, 12 February: 6.2 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Lisbon Lisbon, 2 February: 21.4 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Lisbon, 3 February: 21.5 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Lisbon, 4 February: 19.8 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Lisbon, 5 February: 25.3 µg/m³, 3.0× usual Lisbon, 6 February: 21.9 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Lisbon, 7 February: 10.7 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Lisbon, 8 February: 8.9 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Lisbon, 9 February: 5.3 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Lisbon, 10 February: 3.1 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Lisbon, 11 February: 6.9 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Lisbon, 12 February: 6.5 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Marignane Marignane, 2 February: 14.7 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Marignane, 3 February: 14.4 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Marignane, 4 February: 11.7 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Marignane, 5 February: 25.0 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Marignane, 6 February: 29.6 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Marignane, 7 February: 17.1 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Marignane, 8 February: 26.9 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Marignane, 9 February: 15.7 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Marignane, 10 February: 7.0 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Marignane, 11 February: 3.3 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Marignane, 12 February: 8.0 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Bolzano Bolzano, 2 February: 20.4 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Bolzano, 3 February: 15.1 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Bolzano, 4 February: 14.8 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Bolzano, 5 February: 21.7 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Bolzano, 6 February: 63.5 µg/m³, 4.2× usual Bolzano, 7 February: 41.6 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Bolzano, 8 February: 37.1 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Bolzano, 9 February: 38.8 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Bolzano, 10 February: 5.5 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Bolzano, 11 February: 6.8 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Bolzano, 12 February: 5.7 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Veszprém Veszprém, 2 February: 7.8 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Veszprém, 3 February: 8.3 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Veszprém, 4 February: 6.2 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Veszprém, 5 February: 12.4 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Veszprém, 6 February: 53.0 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Veszprém, 7 February: 17.5 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Veszprém, 8 February: 12.5 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Veszprém, 9 February: 8.6 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Veszprém, 10 February: 8.9 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Veszprém, 11 February: 9.9 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Veszprém, 12 February: 6.6 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Ourense Ourense, 2 February: 35.0 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Ourense, 3 February: 34.3 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Ourense, 4 February: 31.5 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Ourense, 5 February: 32.4 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Ourense, 6 February: 40.8 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Ourense, 7 February: 40.3 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Ourense, 8 February: 25.6 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Ourense, 9 February: 24.8 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Ourense, 10 February: 19.9 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Ourense, 11 February: 20.8 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Ourense, 12 February: 23.2 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Laudio / Llodio Laudio / Llodio, 2 February: 13.3 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Laudio / Llodio, 3 February: 11.6 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Laudio / Llodio, 4 February: 20.4 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Laudio / Llodio, 5 February: no reading Laudio / Llodio, 6 February: 29.4 µg/m³, 4.1× usual Laudio / Llodio, 7 February: 22.5 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Laudio / Llodio, 8 February: 13.0 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Laudio / Llodio, 9 February: 3.0 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Laudio / Llodio, 10 February: 5.1 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Laudio / Llodio, 11 February: 3.8 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Laudio / Llodio, 12 February: 4.3 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Montpellier Montpellier, 2 February: 8.5 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Montpellier, 3 February: 15.7 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Montpellier, 4 February: 20.5 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Montpellier, 5 February: 22.8 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Montpellier, 6 February: 28.5 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Montpellier, 7 February: 19.2 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Montpellier, 8 February: 16.9 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Montpellier, 9 February: 19.6 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Montpellier, 10 February: 9.0 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Montpellier, 11 February: 5.0 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Montpellier, 12 February: 8.4 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Bilbao Bilbao, 2 February: 12.2 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Bilbao, 3 February: 12.4 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Bilbao, 4 February: 23.0 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Bilbao, 5 February: no reading Bilbao, 6 February: 28.2 µg/m³, 4.2× usual Bilbao, 7 February: 19.5 µg/m³, 2.9× usual Bilbao, 8 February: 12.1 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Bilbao, 9 February: 3.0 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Bilbao, 10 February: 4.9 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Bilbao, 11 February: 4.0 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Bilbao, 12 February: 4.7 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Durango Durango, 2 February: 17.5 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Durango, 3 February: 13.1 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Durango, 4 February: 21.8 µg/m³, 2.9× usual Durango, 5 February: no reading Durango, 6 February: 26.8 µg/m³, 3.6× usual Durango, 7 February: 24.0 µg/m³, 3.2× usual Durango, 8 February: 11.3 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Durango, 9 February: 2.3 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Durango, 10 February: 4.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Durango, 11 February: 3.5 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Durango, 12 February: 4.1 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Tarragona Tarragona, 2 February: 16.8 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Tarragona, 3 February: 16.9 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Tarragona, 4 February: 13.5 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Tarragona, 5 February: 15.3 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Tarragona, 6 February: 26.4 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Tarragona, 7 February: 19.0 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Tarragona, 8 February: 11.6 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Tarragona, 9 February: 12.5 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Tarragona, 10 February: 3.8 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Tarragona, 11 February: 3.9 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Tarragona, 12 February: 4.0 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Rijeka Rijeka, 2 February: 14.0 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Rijeka, 3 February: 17.4 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Rijeka, 4 February: 21.2 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Rijeka, 5 February: 23.7 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Rijeka, 6 February: 26.2 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Rijeka, 7 February: 22.3 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Rijeka, 8 February: 13.4 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Rijeka, 9 February: 13.9 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Rijeka, 10 February: 14.8 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Rijeka, 11 February: 3.1 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Rijeka, 12 February: 4.5 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Gijón Gijón, 2 February: 11.3 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Gijón, 3 February: 11.2 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Gijón, 4 February: 20.9 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Gijón, 5 February: 22.5 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Gijón, 6 February: 26.1 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Gijón, 7 February: 29.7 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Gijón, 8 February: 15.6 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Gijón, 9 February: 13.0 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Gijón, 10 February: 4.3 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Gijón, 11 February: 5.3 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Gijón, 12 February: 6.8 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Salou Salou, 2 February: 15.0 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Salou, 3 February: 19.0 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Salou, 4 February: 15.3 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Salou, 5 February: 18.3 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Salou, 6 February: 25.9 µg/m³, 3.7× usual Salou, 7 February: 20.1 µg/m³, 2.9× usual Salou, 8 February: no reading Salou, 9 February: no reading Salou, 10 February: 3.5 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Salou, 11 February: 3.4 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Salou, 12 February: 2.3 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Marseille Marseille, 2 February: 13.8 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Marseille, 3 February: 11.3 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Marseille, 4 February: 13.9 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Marseille, 5 February: 23.9 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Marseille, 6 February: 25.9 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Marseille, 7 February: 14.3 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Marseille, 8 February: 18.3 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Marseille, 9 February: 15.1 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Marseille, 10 February: 7.3 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Marseille, 11 February: 3.1 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Marseille, 12 February: 8.8 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Manosque Manosque, 2 February: 11.7 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Manosque, 3 February: 13.6 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Manosque, 4 February: 20.1 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Manosque, 5 February: 21.2 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Manosque, 6 February: 25.8 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Manosque, 7 February: 22.0 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Manosque, 8 February: 17.1 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Manosque, 9 February: 8.9 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Manosque, 10 February: 1.9 µg/m³, 0.2× usual Manosque, 11 February: 2.7 µg/m³, 0.2× usual Manosque, 12 February: 7.7 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Arles Arles, 2 February: 3.4 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Arles, 3 February: 6.5 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Arles, 4 February: 13.3 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Arles, 5 February: 20.6 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Arles, 6 February: 25.5 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Arles, 7 February: 10.8 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Arles, 8 February: 19.4 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Arles, 9 February: 18.9 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Arles, 10 February: no reading Arles, 11 February: no reading Arles, 12 February: no reading Fos-sur-Mer Fos-sur-Mer, 2 February: 5.8 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 3 February: 8.8 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 4 February: 10.4 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 5 February: 18.2 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 6 February: 25.2 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 7 February: 17.0 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 8 February: 18.6 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 9 February: 15.9 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 10 February: 8.5 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 11 February: 4.4 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Fos-sur-Mer, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Salon-de-Provence Salon-de-Provence, 2 February: 4.8 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Salon-de-Provence, 3 February: 8.2 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Salon-de-Provence, 4 February: 9.9 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Salon-de-Provence, 5 February: 21.8 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Salon-de-Provence, 6 February: 25.1 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Salon-de-Provence, 7 February: 11.1 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Salon-de-Provence, 8 February: 17.7 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Salon-de-Provence, 9 February: 13.5 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Salon-de-Provence, 10 February: 3.7 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Salon-de-Provence, 11 February: 2.8 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Salon-de-Provence, 12 February: 6.9 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Brescia Brescia, 2 February: 29.4 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Brescia, 3 February: 48.9 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Brescia, 4 February: 62.5 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Brescia, 5 February: 81.9 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Brescia, 6 February: 90.6 µg/m³, 3.8× usual Brescia, 7 February: 66.4 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Brescia, 8 February: 70.1 µg/m³, 2.9× usual Brescia, 9 February: 21.9 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Brescia, 10 February: 8.3 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Brescia, 11 February: 9.6 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Brescia, 12 February: 9.8 µg/m³, 0.4× usual Monaco Monaco, 2 February: 16.6 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Monaco, 3 February: 18.6 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Monaco, 4 February: 21.5 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Monaco, 5 February: 18.7 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Monaco, 6 February: 22.9 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Monaco, 7 February: 29.1 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Monaco, 8 February: 33.8 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Monaco, 9 February: 16.8 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Monaco, 10 February: 8.8 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Monaco, 11 February: 6.7 µg/m³, 0.5× usual Monaco, 12 February: 12.3 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Vigevano Vigevano, 2 February: 58.2 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Vigevano, 3 February: 41.4 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Vigevano, 4 February: 24.8 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Vigevano, 5 February: 18.7 µg/m³, 0.7× usual Vigevano, 6 February: 81.6 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Vigevano, 7 February: 61.6 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Vigevano, 8 February: 28.2 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Vigevano, 9 February: 67.7 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Vigevano, 10 February: 20.0 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Vigevano, 11 February: 8.4 µg/m³, 0.3× usual Vigevano, 12 February: 22.1 µg/m³, 0.8× usual 2 Feb 4 6 8 10 12 Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more. Good 0–50
Moderate 51–100
Sensitive groups 101–150
Unhealthy 151–200
Very unhealthy 201–300
Hazardous 301+
Every city it reached
City Days Highest Usual Above usual
Pontevedra Galicia, Spain 2 2 February 5.9 5.6× Rovereto Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 4 6 February 15.5 4.9× Paredes Porto, Portugal 2 6 February 14.4 4.5× Trento Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 4 6 February 17.1 4.2× Bilbao Basque Country, Spain 1 6 February 6.7 4.2× Bolzano Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 4 6 February 15.1 4.2× Laudio / Llodio Basque Country, Spain 1 6 February 7.2 4.1× Brescia Lombardy, Italy 2 6 February 23.9 3.8× Salou Catalonia, Spain 1 6 February 7.0 3.7× Durango Basque Country, Spain 1 6 February 7.4 3.6× Lourdes Occitanie, France 1 6 February 8.2 3.5× Vigo Galicia, Spain 2 2 February 12.1 3.4× Veszprém Veszprém, Hungary 1 6 February 15.7 3.4× Salon-de-Provence Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 8.1 3.1× Vigevano Lombardy, Italy 1 6 February 26.6 3.1× Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal 1 5 February 8.4 3.0× Saint-Étienne Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 1 5 February 8.8 3.0× Pau New Aquitaine, France 1 6 February 9.1 2.9× Albertville Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 2 6 February 10.5 2.9× Marignane Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 3 6 February 10.4 2.8× Marseille Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 9.1 2.8× Gijón Asturias, Spain 1 7 February 10.8 2.7× Sevilla Andalusia, Spain 1 5 February 10.6 2.7× Amora Setúbal, Portugal 1 5 February 10.6 2.7× Monaco Municipality of Monaco, Monaco 2 8 February 13.4 2.5× Montpellier Occitanie, France 1 6 February 11.4 2.5× Fréjus Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 2 4 February 14.2 2.4× Bailén Andalusia, Spain 1 4 February 14.5 2.4× Fos-sur-Mer Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 10.7 2.4× Arles Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 11.1 2.3× Tarragona Catalonia, Spain 1 6 February 11.5 2.3× Rijeka Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Croatia 1 6 February 11.5 2.3× Tarbes Occitanie, France 1 4 February 12.2 2.2× Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 1 4 February 13.4 2.2× Ourense Galicia, Spain 1 6 February 18.8 2.2× Givors Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 1 5 February 12.8 2.1× Manosque Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 12.5 2.1×
Daily means in µg/m³. Usual: the city's median for this time of year (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that.
Against other episodes in France and Spain
Number 12 of 58 episodes in France and Spain since our records began, by cities reached.
Central Europe, February and March 2023 274 Central Europe, December 2025 to January 2026 170 Western Europe, March 2023 119 Western Europe, January 2024 117 Western Europe, December 2024 75 North-eastern Spain and France, February 2023 72 France, The Netherlands and United Kingdom, January 2023 66 Central Europe, June 2025 63 North-eastern Spain, August 2025 44 North-eastern Spain and France, December 2023 to January 2024 44 France, Belgium and United Kingdom, November and December 2023 43 South-western Europe, February 2024 37 Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 58 .
Use this page SmogRank, South-western Europe, February 2024: 37 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 5 to 9 February 2024, smogrank.com/episodes/2024-02-south-western-europe (accessed 3 October 2026).
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You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms .
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes . Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.
