Eastern Europe, 4 to 9 December 2023
For 6 days, from 4 to 9 December 2023, 110 cities in Germany, Czechia, Slovakia and 8 more countries had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Banja Luka, Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina: 112.0 µg/m³ on 8 December, about 2.1× its usual 53.7.
Day by day
How it spread
Every city it reached
| City | Days | Highest | Above usual |
|---|---|---|---|
| StralsundMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 4 | 74.17 December | 11× |
| LübeckSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 3 | 58.96 December | 11× |
| KielSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 3 | 56.97 December | 11× |
| Český TěšínMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 5 | 103.08 December | 10× |
| CieszynSilesia, Poland | 5 | 103.08 December | 10× |
| TřinecMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 104.07 December | 9.5× |
| Frýdek-MístekMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 4 | 97.07 December | 9.5× |
| OpavaMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 5 | 98.47 December | 9.4× |
| ItzehoeSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 2 | 49.56 December | 8.7× |
| EberswaldeBrandenburg, Germany | 3 | 46.36 December | 8.7× |
| BohumínMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 5 | 92.17 December | 8.5× |
| Wodzisław ŚląskiSilesia, Poland | 5 | 92.17 December | 8.5× |
| GüstrowMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 3 | 56.46 December | 8.4× |
| RostockMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 3 | 60.77 December | 8.3× |
| OstravaMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 6 | 99.87 December | 8.2× |
| WismarMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 3 | 60.86 December | 8.0× |
| HavířovMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 5 | 96.57 December | 7.8× |
| TepliceÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 5 | 75.17 December | 7.6× |
| EisenhüttenstadtBrandenburg, Germany | 5 | 58.86 December | 7.5× |
| MostÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 5 | 54.16 December | 7.3× |
| KadaňÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 2 | 53.46 December | 7.3× |
| Frankfurt (Oder)Brandenburg, Germany | 4 | 53.66 December | 6.8× |
| PřerovOlomouc Region, Czechia | 3 | 86.87 December | 6.7× |
| LitvínovÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 5 | 55.06 December | 6.4× |
| Schwedt (Oder)Brandenburg, Germany | 4 | 47.36 December | 6.3× |
| HamburgHamburg, Germany | 2 | 45.16 December | 6.3× |
| Valašské MeziříčíZlín, Czechia | 3 | 75.87 December | 6.1× |
| StrausbergBrandenburg, Germany | 2 | 42.56 December | 6.1× |
| FlensburgSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 2 | 37.37 December | 5.8× |
| KroměřížZlín, Czechia | 2 | 52.97 December | 5.7× |
| Ústí nad LabemÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 5 | 54.07 December | 5.6× |
| NeuruppinBrandenburg, Germany | 2 | 37.06 December | 5.5× |
| BerounCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 6 | 66.56 December | 5.4× |
| DěčínÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 4 | 68.77 December | 5.3× |
| MalmöSkåne, Sweden | 2 | 25.87 December | 5.2× |
| ZnojmoSouth Moravian, Czechia | 3 | 51.46 December | 5.0× |
| BurghausenBavaria, Germany | 1 | 34.75 December | 5.0× |
| MartinŽilina Region, Slovakia | 6 | 55.66 December | 4.9× |
| KladnoCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 3 | 37.56 December | 4.9× |
| OlomoucOlomouc Region, Czechia | 3 | 64.97 December | 4.7× |
| WittenbergeBrandenburg, Germany | 1 | 27.16 December | 4.6× |
| ZlínZlín, Czechia | 3 | 50.27 December | 4.5× |
| Bernau bei BerlinBrandenburg, Germany | 2 | 39.86 December | 4.5× |
| České BudějoviceSouth Bohemian Region, Czechia | 3 | 39.56 December | 4.5× |
| PopradPrešov Region, Slovakia | 1 | 31.87 December | 4.5× |
| PassauBavaria, Germany | 3 | 35.86 December | 4.4× |
| KelheimBavaria, Germany | 1 | 27.95 December | 4.4× |
| Karlova VesBratislava Region, Slovakia | 1 | 28.86 December | 4.3× |
| SokolovCarlsbad Region, Czechia | 2 | 28.05 December | 4.3× |
| ŽilinaŽilina Region, Slovakia | 5 | 54.87 December | 4.2× |
| AnsfeldenUpper Austria, Austria | 4 | 45.06 December | 4.2× |
| PardubicePardubice Region, Czechia | 2 | 40.96 December | 4.2× |
| TraunUpper Austria, Austria | 6 | 43.86 December | 4.0× |
| ŽideniceSouth Moravian, Czechia | 3 | 42.06 December | 4.0× |
| PerchtoldsdorfLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 34.06 December | 4.0× |
| KreuzlingenThurgau, Switzerland | 1 | 25.04 December | 4.0× |
| KonstanzBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 25.04 December | 4.0× |
| PilsenPlzeň Region, Czechia | 2 | 32.95 December | 3.9× |
| NeuenhagenBrandenburg, Germany | 2 | 30.56 December | 3.9× |
| FalkenseeBrandenburg, Germany | 1 | 26.45 December | 3.9× |
| Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové Region, Czechia | 2 | 43.37 December | 3.8× |
| Mladá BoleslavCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 2 | 41.06 December | 3.8× |
| LinzUpper Austria, Austria | 4 | 40.26 December | 3.8× |
| LiberecLiberec Region, Czechia | 1 | 33.46 December | 3.8× |
| KleinmachnowBrandenburg, Germany | 2 | 26.45 December | 3.8× |
| Spišská Nová VesKošice Region, Slovakia | 6 | 59.07 December | 3.7× |
| PraguePrague, Czechia | 2 | 33.96 December | 3.7× |
| SteyrUpper Austria, Austria | 2 | 31.06 December | 3.7× |
| AugsburgBavaria, Germany | 1 | 25.44 December | 3.7× |
| BrnoSouth Moravian, Czechia | 1 | 38.26 December | 3.6× |
| MödlingLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 34.66 December | 3.6× |
| WelsUpper Austria, Austria | 4 | 33.85 December | 3.6× |
| LubnjowBrandenburg, Germany | 1 | 25.05 December | 3.6× |
| KlosterneuburgLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 37.06 December | 3.5× |
| BadenLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 29.26 December | 3.4× |
| Neu-UlmBavaria, Germany | 1 | 26.24 December | 3.4× |
| ViennaVienna, Austria | 1 | 30.26 December | 3.3× |
| TraunreutBavaria, Germany | 1 | 26.54 December | 3.3× |
| PrešovPrešov Region, Slovakia | 2 | 49.76 December | 3.2× |
| Sankt PöltenLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 30.86 December | 3.2× |
| UlmBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 27.54 December | 3.2× |
| PartizánskeTrenčín Region, Slovakia | 2 | 42.07 December | 3.1× |
| PrievidzaTrenčín Region, Slovakia | 1 | 40.87 December | 3.1× |
| TrenčínTrenčín Region, Slovakia | 3 | 35.46 December | 3.1× |
| AmstettenLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 31.86 December | 3.1× |
| NauenBrandenburg, Germany | 1 | 25.15 December | 3.0× |
| DunaújvárosFejér, Hungary | 2 | 36.09 December | 2.9× |
| BerlinState of Berlin, Germany | 2 | 32.76 December | 2.9× |
| TübingenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 26.24 December | 2.9× |
| HumennéPrešov Region, Slovakia | 3 | 44.87 December | 2.8× |
| RužomberokŽilina Region, Slovakia | 4 | 43.69 December | 2.8× |
| Banská BystricaBanská Bystrica Region, Slovakia | 2 | 33.07 December | 2.8× |
| TrnavaTrnava Region, Slovakia | 1 | 30.06 December | 2.8× |
| HandlováTrenčín Region, Slovakia | 1 | 28.07 December | 2.6× |
| SenicaTrnava Region, Slovakia | 2 | 26.56 December | 2.6× |
| TeltowBrandenburg, Germany | 2 | 30.26 December | 2.5× |
| GrazStyria, Austria | 1 | 47.26 December | 2.4× |
| Žiar nad HronomBanská Bystrica Region, Slovakia | 1 | 27.38 December | 2.4× |
| WolfsbergCarinthia, Austria | 1 | 33.36 December | 2.3× |
| WormsRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 27.24 December | 2.3× |
| DejCluj County, Romania | 1 | 69.16 December | 2.2× |
| Cluj-NapocaCluj County, Romania | 1 | 38.06 December | 2.2× |
| ZvolenBanská Bystrica Region, Slovakia | 2 | 32.77 December | 2.2× |
| Klagenfurt am WörtherseeCarinthia, Austria | 1 | 28.76 December | 2.2× |
| Banja LukaSrpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 112.08 December | 2.1× |
| SarajevoFederation of B&H, Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 108.09 December | 2.1× |
| Vranov nad TopľouPrešov Region, Slovakia | 1 | 33.47 December | 2.1× |
| NitraNitra Region, Slovakia | 1 | 27.56 December | 2.1× |
| KošiceKošice Region, Slovakia | 1 | 35.69 December | 2.0× |
| LiberpolisCounty of Osijek-Baranja, Croatia | 1 | 30.79 December | 2.0× |
Daily means in µg/m³, over the days each city counted in this episode. Highest: its highest of those days. Usual: the city's median for the time of year of that day (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that, with a usual under 5 µg/m³ taken as 5.
Against other episodes in Germany and Czechia
Number 16 of 42 episodes in Germany and Czechia since our records began, by cities reached.
- Europe, 6 to 25 February 2023608
- Europe, 14 February to 1 March 2025517
- Europe, 1 to 14 February 2025506
- Europe, January and February 2026502
- Germany, Poland and 25 more countries, March 2025463
- Europe, 8 to 27 January 2024449
- Europe, 1 to 12 March 2026444
- Germany, France and 18 more countries, January 2025381
- Europe, 18 to 25 March 2026362
- Europe, March 2025335
- Europe, February and March 2024264
- Europe, November 2024260
- Eastern Europe, 4 to 9 December 2023110
Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 42.
Use this page
SmogRank, Eastern Europe, 4 to 9 December 2023: 110 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 4 to 9 December 2023, smogrank.com/episodes/2023-12-04-eastern-europe (accessed 4 October 2026).
You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.