Central Europe, February and March 2024
For 12 days, from 28 February to 10 March 2024, 264 cities in Germany, Poland, Czechia and 12 more countries had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Otwock, Mazovia, Poland: 90.3 µg/m³ on 8 March, about 3.1× its usual 29.4.
Day by day
How it spread
Every city it reached
| City | Days | Highest | Above usual |
|---|---|---|---|
| BirminghamEngland, United Kingdom | 1 | 40.09 March | 5.9× |
| GoslarLower Saxony, Germany | 3 | 34.15 March | 5.7× |
| Canvey IslandEngland, United Kingdom | 1 | 34.011 March | 5.6× |
| Dún LaoghaireLeinster, Ireland | 2 | 40.89 March | 5.5× |
| DublinLeinster, Ireland | 2 | 36.29 March | 5.4× |
| MalmöSkåne, Sweden | 3 | 45.22 March | 5.1× |
| CanterburyEngland, United Kingdom | 1 | 29.311 March | 4.9× |
| SheffieldEngland, United Kingdom | 1 | 29.011 March | 4.8× |
| StralsundMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 5 | 51.82 March | 4.7× |
| BexleyEngland, United Kingdom | 2 | 34.111 March | 4.7× |
| CorkMunster, Ireland | 2 | 29.98 March | 4.6× |
| FlensburgSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 2 | 39.63 March | 4.5× |
| KielSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 3 | 37.53 March | 4.5× |
| DelmenhorstLower Saxony, Germany | 2 | 40.54 March | 4.5× |
| LiverpoolEngland, United Kingdom | 1 | 25.87 March | 4.3× |
| WilhelmshavenLower Saxony, Germany | 2 | 37.64 March | 4.3× |
| KoksijdeFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 32.67 March | 4.2× |
| TournaiWallonia, Belgium | 1 | 28.07 March | 4.2× |
| NorrköpingÖstergötland, Sweden | 2 | 26.32 March | 4.2× |
| RostockMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 6 | 44.63 March | 4.1× |
| LondonEngland, United Kingdom | 1 | 33.811 March | 4.0× |
| AarschotFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 32.17 March | 4.0× |
| ItzehoeSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 3 | 35.54 March | 3.9× |
| HerrenbergBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 28.17 March | 3.9× |
| WitzenhausenHesse, Germany | 1 | 26.58 March | 3.9× |
| BremerhavenBremen, Germany | 3 | 37.34 March | 3.9× |
| GüstrowMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 5 | 39.93 March | 3.9× |
| ZamośćLublin, Poland | 2 | 80.08 March | 3.8× |
| RoeselareFlanders, Belgium | 2 | 38.67 March | 3.8× |
| SiedlceMazovia, Poland | 3 | 88.48 March | 3.8× |
| LübeckSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 2 | 32.03 March | 3.8× |
| CarlowLeinster, Ireland | 1 | 28.29 March | 3.8× |
| OytenLower Saxony, Germany | 1 | 34.24 March | 3.7× |
| StabroekFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 31.97 March | 3.7× |
| MolFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 30.47 March | 3.7× |
| LinköpingÖstergötland, Sweden | 2 | 29.83 March | 3.7× |
| WittenbergeBrandenburg, Germany | 1 | 33.04 March | 3.7× |
| RintelnLower Saxony, Germany | 2 | 33.15 March | 3.6× |
| FalkenseeBrandenburg, Germany | 6 | 33.44 March | 3.6× |
| GrajewoPodlasie, Poland | 2 | 61.37 March | 3.6× |
| LeedsEngland, United Kingdom | 1 | 26.77 March | 3.6× |
| KalmarKalmar, Sweden | 3 | 28.52 March | 3.6× |
| BremenBremen, Germany | 1 | 35.34 March | 3.6× |
| BeverenFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 31.67 March | 3.6× |
| StarachowiceŚwiętokrzyskie, Poland | 2 | 76.48 March | 3.6× |
| StrausbergBrandenburg, Germany | 4 | 33.74 March | 3.6× |
| WismarMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 4 | 36.53 March | 3.6× |
| HamburgHamburg, Germany | 4 | 41.04 March | 3.6× |
| DunkirkHauts-de-France, France | 2 | 36.07 March | 3.6× |
| AntwerpFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 32.47 March | 3.6× |
| OpoleOpole Voivodeship, Poland | 7 | 80.71 March | 3.5× |
| RoubaixHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 32.97 March | 3.5× |
| ZwijndrechtFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 31.87 March | 3.5× |
| CherbourgNormandy, France | 1 | 25.78 March | 3.5× |
| Hansestadt SalzwedelSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 1 | 29.24 March | 3.5× |
| GentFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 30.57 March | 3.5× |
| KadaňÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 4 | 36.16 March | 3.5× |
| MechelenFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 31.77 March | 3.5× |
| LubnjowBrandenburg, Germany | 3 | 28.24 March | 3.5× |
| WillebroekFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 29.57 March | 3.5× |
| BéthuneHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 33.67 March | 3.5× |
| EvergemFlanders, Belgium | 3 | 34.57 March | 3.5× |
| GöttingenLower Saxony, Germany | 3 | 29.25 March | 3.4× |
| SokolovCarlsbad Region, Czechia | 1 | 25.46 March | 3.4× |
| VisbyGotland, Sweden | 2 | 26.02 March | 3.4× |
| KortrijkFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 32.47 March | 3.4× |
| PforzheimBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 26.67 March | 3.4× |
| HalstenbekSchleswig-Holstein, Germany | 3 | 40.24 March | 3.4× |
| FriesoytheLower Saxony, Germany | 1 | 34.44 March | 3.4× |
| WaterfordMunster, Ireland | 2 | 35.49 March | 3.4× |
| KapellenFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 30.57 March | 3.4× |
| IzegemFlanders, Belgium | 2 | 39.67 March | 3.4× |
| SzczecinWest Pomerania, Poland | 7 | 64.61 March | 3.4× |
| Burg bei MagdeburgSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 2 | 32.34 March | 3.4× |
| KladnoCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 4 | 33.96 March | 3.4× |
| GrimbergenFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 32.17 March | 3.3× |
| OldenburgLower Saxony, Germany | 2 | 38.44 March | 3.3× |
| BrusselsBrussels Capital, Belgium | 1 | 26.97 March | 3.3× |
| LochristiFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 32.87 March | 3.3× |
| PrzemyślSubcarpathia, Poland | 6 | 68.129 February | 3.3× |
| HasseltFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 28.67 March | 3.3× |
| LitvínovÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 5 | 51.61 March | 3.3× |
| Frankfurt (Oder)Brandenburg, Germany | 4 | 43.51 March | 3.3× |
| HildesheimLower Saxony, Germany | 5 | 30.45 March | 3.3× |
| MaldegemFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 30.47 March | 3.3× |
| Halle (Saale)Saxony-Anhalt, Germany | 5 | 36.85 March | 3.3× |
| EnschedeOverijssel, The Netherlands | 1 | 26.66 March | 3.2× |
| RadomMazovia, Poland | 1 | 72.68 March | 3.2× |
| VenrayLimburg, The Netherlands | 1 | 25.67 March | 3.2× |
| TilburgNorth Brabant, The Netherlands | 1 | 30.77 March | 3.2× |
| PotsdamBrandenburg, Germany | 5 | 34.24 March | 3.2× |
| GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands | 1 | 27.04 March | 3.2× |
| MenenFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 33.47 March | 3.2× |
| Schwedt (Oder)Brandenburg, Germany | 6 | 42.51 March | 3.2× |
| ZaventemFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 28.17 March | 3.2× |
| Königs WusterhausenBrandenburg, Germany | 4 | 33.54 March | 3.2× |
| HattingenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 26.74 March | 3.2× |
| BredaNorth Brabant, The Netherlands | 1 | 26.07 March | 3.2× |
| RadomskoŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 4 | 72.65 March | 3.2× |
| KleinmachnowBrandenburg, Germany | 1 | 28.24 March | 3.2× |
| WeimarThuringia, Germany | 1 | 27.85 March | 3.2× |
| MünsterNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 2 | 34.16 March | 3.2× |
| ErfurtThuringia, Germany | 1 | 26.25 March | 3.2× |
| FilderstadtBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 27.07 March | 3.1× |
| ReutlingenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 27.67 March | 3.1× |
| WuppertalNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 30.14 March | 3.1× |
| AalenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 25.77 March | 3.1× |
| Brandenburg an der HavelBrandenburg, Germany | 3 | 35.34 March | 3.1× |
| JenaThuringia, Germany | 2 | 25.310 March | 3.1× |
| NijmegenGelderland, The Netherlands | 1 | 26.27 March | 3.1× |
| SchwerinMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 6 | 37.03 March | 3.1× |
| CieszynSilesia, Poland | 8 | 50.328 February | 3.1× |
| IJsselsteinUtrecht, The Netherlands | 2 | 29.76 March | 3.1× |
| LuckenwaldeBrandenburg, Germany | 3 | 31.84 March | 3.1× |
| Strzelce OpolskieOpole Voivodeship, Poland | 6 | 43.71 March | 3.1× |
| OtwockMazovia, Poland | 1 | 90.38 March | 3.1× |
| SaalfeldThuringia, Germany | 1 | 30.05 March | 3.1× |
| HillegomSouth Holland, The Netherlands | 1 | 25.46 March | 3.1× |
| RatingenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 25.35 March | 3.0× |
| KrefeldNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 3 | 30.58 March | 3.0× |
| PułtuskMazovia, Poland | 2 | 43.49 March | 3.0× |
| KutnoŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 2 | 62.98 March | 3.0× |
| LegionowoMazovia, Poland | 2 | 65.18 March | 3.0× |
| NeubrandenburgMecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | 6 | 36.93 March | 3.0× |
| TübingenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 29.07 March | 3.0× |
| HannoverLower Saxony, Germany | 2 | 28.05 March | 3.0× |
| ChambéryAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 1 | 27.129 February | 3.0× |
| EisenachThuringia, Germany | 1 | 25.55 March | 3.0× |
| SalzgitterLower Saxony, Germany | 2 | 25.25 March | 3.0× |
| LüdenscheidNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 27.24 March | 3.0× |
| KrosnoSubcarpathia, Poland | 2 | 43.329 February | 2.9× |
| ValenciennesHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 31.57 March | 2.9× |
| RacibórzSilesia, Poland | 5 | 66.81 March | 2.9× |
| CottbusBrandenburg, Germany | 4 | 33.14 March | 2.9× |
| ZürichZurich, Switzerland | 1 | 25.129 February | 2.9× |
| LudwigsburgBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 25.17 March | 2.9× |
| Bitterfeld-WolfenSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 4 | 31.85 March | 2.9× |
| KehlBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 27.77 March | 2.9× |
| FuldaHesse, Germany | 1 | 26.84 March | 2.9× |
| AltenburgThuringia, Germany | 2 | 27.35 March | 2.9× |
| BogatyniaLower Silesia, Poland | 4 | 31.96 March | 2.9× |
| Zielona GóraLubusz, Poland | 3 | 39.91 March | 2.9× |
| KroměřížZlín, Czechia | 2 | 27.78 March | 2.9× |
| MagdeburgSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 1 | 33.94 March | 2.8× |
| EindhovenNorth Brabant, The Netherlands | 1 | 27.37 March | 2.8× |
| NeuenhagenBrandenburg, Germany | 2 | 30.14 March | 2.8× |
| Ústí nad LabemÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 4 | 43.41 March | 2.8× |
| LingenLower Saxony, Germany | 1 | 25.54 March | 2.8× |
| WernigerodeSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 2 | 32.25 March | 2.8× |
| HouthalenFlanders, Belgium | 1 | 28.57 March | 2.8× |
| Blankenfelde-MahlowBrandenburg, Germany | 5 | 33.24 March | 2.8× |
| KaunasKaunas, Lithuania | 2 | 30.128 February | 2.8× |
| RotterdamSouth Holland, The Netherlands | 1 | 25.37 March | 2.8× |
| NeuruppinBrandenburg, Germany | 4 | 30.04 March | 2.8× |
| EisenhüttenstadtBrandenburg, Germany | 3 | 36.01 March | 2.8× |
| TepliceÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 3 | 45.21 March | 2.8× |
| KarlsruheBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 25.37 March | 2.8× |
| StuttgartBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 27.57 March | 2.8× |
| Wodzisław ŚląskiSilesia, Poland | 6 | 41.92 March | 2.8× |
| BadenLower Austria, Austria | 1 | 29.41 March | 2.8× |
| KasselHesse, Germany | 4 | 28.78 March | 2.8× |
| OpavaMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 5 | 41.68 March | 2.8× |
| MaarssenUtrecht, The Netherlands | 2 | 27.86 March | 2.8× |
| Valašské MeziříčíZlín, Czechia | 3 | 36.38 March | 2.7× |
| ŁukówLublin, Poland | 2 | 49.99 March | 2.7× |
| KoblenzRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 28.54 March | 2.7× |
| KołobrzegWest Pomerania, Poland | 3 | 44.212 March | 2.7× |
| MeylanAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 1 | 31.329 February | 2.7× |
| PraguePrague, Czechia | 3 | 33.46 March | 2.7× |
| WeißenfelsSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 3 | 28.84 March | 2.7× |
| BorkenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 26.98 March | 2.7× |
| WarsteinNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 25.88 March | 2.7× |
| BraunschweigLower Saxony, Germany | 1 | 25.54 March | 2.7× |
| WittenbergSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 5 | 37.04 March | 2.7× |
| PilsenPlzeň Region, Czechia | 4 | 31.95 March | 2.7× |
| DuisburgNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 2 | 26.05 March | 2.7× |
| České BudějoviceSouth Bohemian Region, Czechia | 2 | 37.428 February | 2.7× |
| WłocławekKujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland | 1 | 74.58 March | 2.7× |
| LiberecLiberec Region, Czechia | 3 | 31.86 March | 2.7× |
| PruszkówMazovia, Poland | 1 | 59.58 March | 2.6× |
| JarosławSubcarpathia, Poland | 4 | 49.89 March | 2.6× |
| MostÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 6 | 40.31 March | 2.6× |
| AugustówPodlasie, Poland | 1 | 55.38 March | 2.6× |
| Frýdek-MístekMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 3 | 47.828 February | 2.6× |
| PardubicePardubice Region, Czechia | 1 | 37.927 February | 2.6× |
| BiałystokPodlasie, Poland | 1 | 43.68 March | 2.6× |
| DenainHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 28.47 March | 2.6× |
| HagenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 2 | 31.54 March | 2.6× |
| BielefeldNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 3 | 28.14 March | 2.6× |
| UnnaNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 4 | 27.88 March | 2.6× |
| BytówPomerania, Poland | 4 | 36.78 March | 2.6× |
| OberhausenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 3 | 25.95 March | 2.6× |
| OsnabrückLower Saxony, Germany | 2 | 26.96 March | 2.6× |
| Český TěšínMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 6 | 50.328 February | 2.6× |
| TeltowBrandenburg, Germany | 3 | 38.04 March | 2.6× |
| BurghausenBavaria, Germany | 1 | 28.729 February | 2.5× |
| ZnojmoSouth Moravian, Czechia | 1 | 37.02 March | 2.5× |
| TraunreutBavaria, Germany | 1 | 28.129 February | 2.5× |
| WawerMazovia, Poland | 1 | 42.08 March | 2.5× |
| DortmundNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 3 | 27.35 March | 2.5× |
| DouaiHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 27.87 March | 2.5× |
| Bernau bei BerlinBrandenburg, Germany | 5 | 32.61 March | 2.5× |
| HalberstadtSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 1 | 25.14 March | 2.5× |
| DattelnNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 4 | 27.07 March | 2.5× |
| ZlínZlín, Czechia | 1 | 28.78 March | 2.5× |
| Kędzierzyn-KoźleOpole Voivodeship, Poland | 5 | 48.71 March | 2.4× |
| MühlhausenThuringia, Germany | 1 | 27.55 March | 2.4× |
| StrasbourgGrand Est, France | 2 | 26.77 March | 2.4× |
| GelsenkirchenNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 1 | 25.06 March | 2.4× |
| PłockMazovia, Poland | 1 | 43.28 March | 2.4× |
| BerlinState of Berlin, Germany | 2 | 36.44 March | 2.4× |
| ŻyrardówMazovia, Poland | 2 | 50.98 March | 2.4× |
| KonstanzBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 27.629 February | 2.4× |
| DębicaSubcarpathia, Poland | 1 | 63.328 February | 2.4× |
| LęborkPomerania, Poland | 4 | 46.91 March | 2.4× |
| KatowiceSilesia, Poland | 2 | 55.61 March | 2.4× |
| GrenobleAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 1 | 27.329 February | 2.4× |
| KościanGreater Poland, Poland | 1 | 48.012 March | 2.4× |
| HavířovMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 2 | 43.728 February | 2.4× |
| PoznańGreater Poland, Poland | 2 | 62.31 March | 2.4× |
| RzeszówSubcarpathia, Poland | 2 | 56.129 February | 2.4× |
| TřinecMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 4 | 44.028 February | 2.4× |
| PřerovOlomouc Region, Czechia | 1 | 32.928 February | 2.4× |
| OlsztynWarmia-Masuria, Poland | 3 | 36.69 March | 2.3× |
| ŽideniceSouth Moravian, Czechia | 1 | 35.55 March | 2.3× |
| NáchodHradec Králové Region, Czechia | 1 | 42.52 March | 2.3× |
| BottropNorth Rhine-Westphalia, Germany | 2 | 27.36 March | 2.3× |
| GeraThuringia, Germany | 1 | 27.15 March | 2.3× |
| Mladá BoleslavCentral Bohemia, Czechia | 1 | 31.46 March | 2.3× |
| DillingenSaarland, Germany | 1 | 25.17 March | 2.3× |
| KrakówLesser Poland, Poland | 3 | 61.51 March | 2.3× |
| VeszprémVeszprém, Hungary | 2 | 34.62 March | 2.3× |
| MielecSubcarpathia, Poland | 4 | 49.11 March | 2.3× |
| ZgierzŁódź Voivodeship, Poland | 1 | 56.58 March | 2.3× |
| Boulogne-sur-MerHauts-de-France, France | 1 | 26.07 March | 2.2× |
| DessauSaxony-Anhalt, Germany | 3 | 31.44 March | 2.2× |
| GreizThuringia, Germany | 2 | 25.61 March | 2.2× |
| IngolstadtBavaria, Germany | 1 | 28.01 March | 2.2× |
| UlmBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 2 | 27.329 February | 2.2× |
| HeilbronnBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 25.04 March | 2.2× |
| OstravaMoravian-Silesian Region, Czechia | 4 | 46.728 February | 2.2× |
| PerchtoldsdorfLower Austria, Austria | 2 | 29.61 March | 2.2× |
| LublinLublin, Poland | 1 | 49.08 March | 2.2× |
| LindauBavaria, Germany | 1 | 27.229 February | 2.2× |
| ŻaryLubusz, Poland | 2 | 32.21 March | 2.2× |
| FriedrichshafenBaden-Wurttemberg, Germany | 1 | 25.829 February | 2.2× |
| MödlingLower Austria, Austria | 1 | 28.41 March | 2.2× |
| ViennaVienna, Austria | 2 | 28.81 March | 2.2× |
| Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové Region, Czechia | 1 | 38.728 February | 2.2× |
| KlosterneuburgLower Austria, Austria | 1 | 31.31 March | 2.2× |
| BrnoSouth Moravian, Czechia | 1 | 31.75 March | 2.2× |
| Konstancin-JeziornaMazovia, Poland | 2 | 42.89 March | 2.1× |
| Bad KreuznachRheinland-Pfalz, Germany | 1 | 27.829 February | 2.1× |
| BydgoszczKujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland | 1 | 45.21 March | 2.1× |
| NiskoSubcarpathia, Poland | 1 | 46.29 March | 2.1× |
| WarsawMazovia, Poland | 1 | 40.98 March | 2.1× |
| Cluj-NapocaCluj County, Romania | 1 | 44.429 February | 2.1× |
| WeidenBavaria, Germany | 1 | 25.21 March | 2.1× |
| Jastrzębie ZdrójSilesia, Poland | 1 | 58.728 February | 2.1× |
| Romans-sur-IsèreAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France | 1 | 26.229 February | 2.1× |
| GdyniaPomerania, Poland | 1 | 35.412 March | 2.1× |
| DěčínÚstí nad Labem Region, Czechia | 1 | 43.21 March | 2.1× |
| Vranov nad TopľouPrešov Region, Slovakia | 1 | 36.61 March | 2.0× |
| Gorzów WielkopolskiLubusz, Poland | 1 | 49.91 March | 2.0× |
Daily means in µg/m³. Usual: the city's median for this time of year (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that.
Against other episodes in Germany and Poland
Number 11 of 57 episodes in Germany and Poland since our records began, by cities reached.
- Central Europe, February 2023608
- Central Europe, February and March 2025513
- Central Europe, February 2025503
- Central Europe, January and February 2026498
- Central Europe, March 2025458
- Central Europe, January 2024449
- Central Europe, March 2026442
- Central Europe, January 2025383
- Central Europe, March 2026361
- Central Europe, March 2025333
- Central Europe, February and March 2024264
- Eastern Europe, November 2024260
Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 57.
Use this page
SmogRank, Central Europe, February and March 2024: 264 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 28 February to 10 March 2024, smogrank.com/episodes/2024-02-central-europe (accessed 3 October 2026).
You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.