SmogRank / Episodes / Germany
Germany, Belgium and The Netherlands, August 2025
For 2 days, from 13 to 14 August 2025, 16 cities in Germany, Belgium and The Netherlands had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany: 29.1 µg/m³ on 14 August, about 4.0× its usual 7.2.
No cause named We have no fire or smoke records for these days, so we only say what the measurements show.
Cities reached 16 in 3 countries
Days 2 13 to 14 August 2025
Worst day 14 August 12 cities counted
Furthest above usual 4.6× Stabroek
Day by day
Play 14 August 12 cities at twice their usual or more
Eupen Jülich Aachen Pulheim Jüchen Bonn Köln Heerlen Trier Mönchengladbach Leverkusen Luxembourg Ratingen Liège Ans Wuppertal Flémalle-Haute Esch-sur-Alzette Bendorf Koblenz Dillingen Genk Marche-en-Famenne Bottrop Hattingen Venray Wesel Völklingen Hasselt Houthalen Saarbrücken Hagen Saint-Avold Metz Lüdenscheid Andenne Eindhoven Borken Schwerte Datteln Bad Kreuznach Nijmegen Limburg an der Lahn Mol Kaiserslautern Namur Unna Netphen Aarschot Nancy Wiesbaden Enschede Mainz Lunéville Münster Barneveld Soest Rüsselsheim am Main Rixensart Königstein im Taunus Wetzlar Hattersheim Worms Charleroi Jumet Breda Zaventem Riedstadt Mechelen Eschborn Warstein IJsselstein Utrecht Lampertheim Grimbergen Brussels Gießen Mannheim Frankfurt am Main Willebroek Darmstadt Antwerp Kapellen Maarssen Strasbourg Lingen Épinal Bensheim Kehl Marburg an der Lahn Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Beveren Saint-Dizier Ridderkerk Karlsruhe Osnabrück Baden-Baden Heidelberg Hanau am Main Wiesloch Rotterdam Amsterdam Mons Badhoevedorp Schiedam Purmerend Spijkenisse Bielefeld Zaanstad Michelstadt Großostheim Hillegom Maassluis Pforzheim Velserbroek Medemblik Bad Wildungen Reims Velsen-Zuid The Hague Freiburg 's-Gravenzande Gent Evergem Valenciennes Herrenberg Heilbronn Denain Villingen-Schwenningen Tournai Ludwigsburg Rinteln Kassel Maldegem Stuttgart Fulda Tübingen Kortrijk Saint-Quentin Filderstadt Izegem Roubaix Lauda-Königshofen Reutlingen Knokke-Heist Uslar Menen Roeselare Douai Witzenhausen Schwäbisch Hall Würzburg Göttingen Hannover Coulommiers Béthune Hildesheim Eisenach Koksijde Duderstadt Meiningen Walsrode Aalen Mühlhausen Biberach an der Riß Ulm Neu-Ulm Dunkirk Creil Goslar Suhl Amiens Ansbach Salzgitter Fontainebleau Domont Braunschweig Nordhausen Paris Bamberg Sondershausen Montargis Wernigerode Erfurt Calais Nuremberg Wolfsburg Étampes Halberstadt Augsburg Weimar Boulogne-sur-Mer Rambouillet Jena Ingolstadt Hansestadt Salzwedel Chartres Dreux Magdeburg Bernburg Starnberg Dieppe Louviers Rouen Clacton-on-Sea Évreux Weißenfels Merseburg Munich Halle (Saale) Kelheim Gera Marktredwitz Köthen Norwich Burg bei Magdeburg Zeitz Greiz Weiden Schwandorf in Bayern Stendal Dessau Bitterfeld-Wolfen Altenburg Canvey Island Gillingham Sokolov Wittenberg Newmarket Dartford Brandenburg an der Havel Seaford Bexley Le Havre Alençon Burghausen Nauen Neuwied Speyer Gelsenkirchen Ludwigshafen am Rhein Dortmund Aschaffenburg Tilburg Duisburg Essen Krefeld Oberhausen Lochristi Zwijndrecht Düsseldorf Venlo Stabroek 10 Aug 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.
How it spread
Stabroek Stabroek, 10 August: 9.2 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Stabroek, 11 August: 11.2 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Stabroek, 12 August: 14.6 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Stabroek, 13 August: 27.7 µg/m³, 4.6× usual Stabroek, 14 August: 19.0 µg/m³, 3.2× usual Stabroek, 15 August: 8.4 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Stabroek, 16 August: 12.0 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Stabroek, 17 August: 5.7 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Speyer Speyer, 10 August: 19.7 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Speyer, 11 August: 13.8 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Speyer, 12 August: 19.8 µg/m³, 2.4× usual Speyer, 13 August: 27.0 µg/m³, 3.3× usual Speyer, 14 August: 26.6 µg/m³, 3.2× usual Speyer, 15 August: 29.4 µg/m³, 3.6× usual Speyer, 16 August: 16.1 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Speyer, 17 August: 8.5 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Lochristi Lochristi, 10 August: 9.7 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Lochristi, 11 August: 11.3 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Lochristi, 12 August: 14.5 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Lochristi, 13 August: 26.9 µg/m³, 4.1× usual Lochristi, 14 August: 21.9 µg/m³, 3.3× usual Lochristi, 15 August: 8.6 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Lochristi, 16 August: 12.0 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Lochristi, 17 August: 5.8 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Aschaffenburg Aschaffenburg, 10 August: 10.9 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Aschaffenburg, 11 August: 5.7 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Aschaffenburg, 12 August: 16.0 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Aschaffenburg, 13 August: 26.6 µg/m³, 3.7× usual Aschaffenburg, 14 August: 14.1 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Aschaffenburg, 15 August: 16.0 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Aschaffenburg, 16 August: 12.3 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Aschaffenburg, 17 August: 6.3 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Tilburg Tilburg, 10 August: 10.4 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Tilburg, 11 August: 13.1 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Tilburg, 12 August: 15.0 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Tilburg, 13 August: 25.6 µg/m³, 3.5× usual Tilburg, 14 August: 27.1 µg/m³, 3.7× usual Tilburg, 15 August: 9.8 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Tilburg, 16 August: 10.2 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Tilburg, 17 August: 8.5 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Zwijndrecht Zwijndrecht, 10 August: 8.9 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Zwijndrecht, 11 August: 10.4 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Zwijndrecht, 12 August: 15.7 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Zwijndrecht, 13 August: 25.4 µg/m³, 4.1× usual Zwijndrecht, 14 August: 19.0 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Zwijndrecht, 15 August: 9.3 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Zwijndrecht, 16 August: 12.3 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Zwijndrecht, 17 August: 5.5 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Krefeld Krefeld, 10 August: 7.1 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Krefeld, 11 August: 11.6 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Krefeld, 12 August: 14.3 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Krefeld, 13 August: 17.9 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Krefeld, 14 August: 29.1 µg/m³, 4.0× usual Krefeld, 15 August: 13.2 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Krefeld, 16 August: 10.8 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Krefeld, 17 August: 6.2 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Venlo Venlo, 10 August: 7.1 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Venlo, 11 August: 11.0 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Venlo, 12 August: 12.5 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Venlo, 13 August: 18.6 µg/m³, 3.0× usual Venlo, 14 August: 28.1 µg/m³, 4.5× usual Venlo, 15 August: 13.4 µg/m³, 2.2× usual Venlo, 16 August: 10.0 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Venlo, 17 August: 5.1 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Essen Essen, 10 August: 8.3 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Essen, 11 August: 10.9 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Essen, 12 August: 11.7 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Essen, 13 August: 19.2 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Essen, 14 August: 27.5 µg/m³, 3.9× usual Essen, 15 August: 13.0 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Essen, 16 August: 10.8 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Essen, 17 August: 6.4 µg/m³, 0.9× usual Gelsenkirchen Gelsenkirchen, 10 August: 9.3 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Gelsenkirchen, 11 August: 12.3 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Gelsenkirchen, 12 August: 14.7 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Gelsenkirchen, 13 August: 20.7 µg/m³, 2.6× usual Gelsenkirchen, 14 August: 27.4 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Gelsenkirchen, 15 August: 14.0 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Gelsenkirchen, 16 August: 10.2 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Gelsenkirchen, 17 August: 4.9 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Düsseldorf Düsseldorf, 10 August: 7.7 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Düsseldorf, 11 August: 10.5 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Düsseldorf, 12 August: 11.4 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Düsseldorf, 13 August: 17.9 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Düsseldorf, 14 August: 26.8 µg/m³, 4.3× usual Düsseldorf, 15 August: 14.7 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Düsseldorf, 16 August: 13.1 µg/m³, 2.1× usual Düsseldorf, 17 August: 7.4 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Neuwied Neuwied, 10 August: 10.0 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Neuwied, 11 August: 10.9 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Neuwied, 12 August: 15.2 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Neuwied, 13 August: 23.5 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Neuwied, 14 August: 26.4 µg/m³, 3.2× usual Neuwied, 15 August: 21.0 µg/m³, 2.5× usual Neuwied, 16 August: 13.0 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Neuwied, 17 August: 4.9 µg/m³, 0.6× usual Oberhausen Oberhausen, 10 August: 8.2 µg/m³, 1.3× usual Oberhausen, 11 August: 11.7 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Oberhausen, 12 August: 13.1 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Oberhausen, 13 August: 20.2 µg/m³, 3.1× usual Oberhausen, 14 August: 26.3 µg/m³, 4.0× usual Oberhausen, 15 August: 12.4 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Oberhausen, 16 August: 10.5 µg/m³, 1.6× usual Oberhausen, 17 August: 5.2 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Dortmund Dortmund, 10 August: 8.3 µg/m³, 1.1× usual Dortmund, 11 August: 11.2 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Dortmund, 12 August: 12.6 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Dortmund, 13 August: 19.9 µg/m³, 2.7× usual Dortmund, 14 August: 26.1 µg/m³, 3.5× usual Dortmund, 15 August: 14.4 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Dortmund, 16 August: 12.4 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Dortmund, 17 August: 5.6 µg/m³, 0.8× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhe… Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 10 August: 13.1 µg/m³, 1.8× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 11 August: 11.3 µg/m³, 1.5× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 12 August: 17.1 µg/m³, 2.3× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 13 August: 24.2 µg/m³, 3.3× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 14 August: 25.5 µg/m³, 3.4× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 15 August: 24.7 µg/m³, 3.3× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 16 August: 10.4 µg/m³, 1.4× usual Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 17 August: 7.1 µg/m³, 1.0× usual Duisburg Duisburg, 10 August: 7.9 µg/m³, 1.2× usual Duisburg, 11 August: 10.7 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Duisburg, 12 August: 12.3 µg/m³, 1.9× usual Duisburg, 13 August: 18.1 µg/m³, 2.8× usual Duisburg, 14 August: 25.0 µg/m³, 3.9× usual Duisburg, 15 August: 12.6 µg/m³, 2.0× usual Duisburg, 16 August: 10.9 µg/m³, 1.7× usual Duisburg, 17 August: 5.1 µg/m³, 0.8× usual 10 Aug 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more. Good 0–50
Moderate 51–100
Sensitive groups 101–150
Unhealthy 151–200
Very unhealthy 201–300
Hazardous 301+
Every city it reached
City Days Highest Usual Above usual
Stabroek Flanders, Belgium 1 13 August 6.0 4.6× Venlo Limburg, The Netherlands 1 14 August 6.2 4.5× Düsseldorf North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 1 14 August 6.3 4.3× Zwijndrecht Flanders, Belgium 1 13 August 6.2 4.1× Lochristi Flanders, Belgium 1 13 August 6.6 4.1× Oberhausen North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 1 14 August 6.5 4.0× Krefeld North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 1 14 August 7.2 4.0× Essen North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 1 14 August 7.0 3.9× Duisburg North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 1 14 August 6.4 3.9× Aschaffenburg Bavaria, Germany 1 13 August 7.1 3.7× Tilburg North Brabant, The Netherlands 2 14 August 7.4 3.7× Speyer Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany 2 15 August 8.2 3.6× Dortmund North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 1 14 August 7.4 3.5× Ludwigshafen am Rhein Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany 1 14 August 7.4 3.4× Gelsenkirchen North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany 1 14 August 8.1 3.4× Neuwied Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany 1 14 August 8.3 3.2×
Daily means in µg/m³. Usual: the city's median for this time of year (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that.
Against other episodes in Germany and Belgium
Number 26 of 35 episodes in Germany and Belgium since our records began, by cities reached.
Central Europe, February 2023 604 Central Europe, February and March 2025 513 Central Europe, February 2025 503 Central Europe, January and February 2026 498 Central Europe, March 2025 458 Central Europe, March 2026 442 Central Europe, January 2025 383 Central Europe, March 2026 361 Central Europe, March 2025 333 Central Europe, December 2025 to January 2026 170 Eastern Europe, January 2025 123 Eastern Europe, December 2023 107 Germany, Belgium and The Netherlands, August 2025 16 Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 35 .
Use this page SmogRank, Germany, Belgium and The Netherlands, August 2025: 16 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 13 to 14 August 2025, smogrank.com/episodes/2025-08-germany-belgium-and-the-netherlands (accessed 2 October 2026).
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You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms .
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes . Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.
