SmogRank / Episodes / Spain

Spain, France and 2 more countries, December 2023 to January 2024

For 8 days, from 25 December 2023 to 1 January 2024, 44 cities in Spain, France, Portugal and 1 more countries had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Manlleu, Catalonia, Spain: 98.6 µg/m³ on 29 December, about 3.3× its usual 30.3.

No cause namedWe have no fire or smoke records for these days, so we only say what the measurements show.
Cities reached44in 4 countries
Days825 December 2023 to 1 January 2024
Worst day29 December28 cities counted
Furthest above usual6.2×Torrevieja

Day by day

29 December 28 cities at twice their usual or more
BenicàssimVilanova i la GeltrúCastelló de la PlanaBurrianaOndaSaguntoZaragozales EscaldesXàtivaGironaPalmaMarratxíPauToulouseAlicanteEldaPerpignanCalahorraAngletDonostia / San SebastiánMarmandeZarautzGasteiz / VitoriaDurangoAlcalá de HenaresLorcaBordeauxLormontTorrejón de ArdozAlgeteBermeoLaudio / LlodioPérigueuxBilbaoAurillacLunelBurgosAngoulêmeAlgiersFos-sur-MerAlmeríaSalon-de-ProvenceVitrollesPalenciaMarseilleValladolidClermont-FerrandGardanneJaénAix-en-ProvenceLa RochelleMedina del CampoToulonValenceSaint-ÉtienneManosqueSaint-ChamondRomans-sur-IsèreGivorsSalamancaGapMálagaMeylanCártamaMâconGijónCannesBourg-en-BresseChambéryAvilésNiceMonacoMentonAlbertvilleLa Línea de la ConcepciónSan RoqueAnnemasseSallanchesTurinSan FernandoVila RealLugoOurenseViveiroAlessandriaBastiaBorgomaneroNarónFerrolPonte de LimaA CoruñaTeoSantiago de CompostelaFaroVigoLa SpeziaLuganoBellinzonaLisbonCorroiosRoveretoTrentoBolzanoLyonCastresGrenobleParedesNîmesMeyzieuMontpellierCórdobaBailénAvignonCapannoriSevillaTarbesAlgecirasLeónTarragonaGranadaSamaMurciaToledoHuelvaCuencaMollet del VallèsCollado-VillalbaFréjusOviedoCosladaBarcelonaManlleuCiutadellaAmoraCacémBarrio de PeralLourdesArlesMóstolesLleidaMadridCartagenaValenciaValdemoroCiudad RealGrao de MurviedroTorrevieja
22 Dec2324252627282930311 Jan234
Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.

How it spread

ValdemoroValdemoro, 22 December: 27.7 µg/m³Valdemoro, 23 December: 20.9 µg/m³Valdemoro, 24 December: 28.8 µg/m³Valdemoro, 25 December: 45.5 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 10.8Valdemoro, 26 December: 40.7 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 10.8Valdemoro, 27 December: 30.1 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 10.9Valdemoro, 28 December: 44.1 µg/m³, 4.0× its usual 10.9Valdemoro, 29 December: 44.3 µg/m³, 4.0× its usual 11.0Valdemoro, 30 December: 38.0 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 11.6Valdemoro, 31 December: 16.8 µg/m³Valdemoro, 1 January: 18.8 µg/m³Valdemoro, 2 January: 15.7 µg/m³Valdemoro, 3 January: 11.3 µg/m³Valdemoro, 4 January: 7.8 µg/m³MurciaMurcia, 22 December: 19.5 µg/m³Murcia, 23 December: 31.2 µg/m³Murcia, 24 December: 36.0 µg/m³Murcia, 25 December: 43.2 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 20.1Murcia, 26 December: 38.0 µg/m³Murcia, 27 December: 45.4 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 20.7Murcia, 28 December: 57.8 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 20.1Murcia, 29 December: 55.3 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 20.1Murcia, 30 December: 50.6 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 20.1Murcia, 31 December: 45.6 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 20.3Murcia, 1 January: 47.9 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 21.1Murcia, 2 January: 22.3 µg/m³Murcia, 3 January: 22.9 µg/m³Murcia, 4 January: 24.5 µg/m³CartagenaCartagena, 22 December: 12.3 µg/m³Cartagena, 23 December: 15.2 µg/m³Cartagena, 24 December: 21.3 µg/m³Cartagena, 25 December: 28.2 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 8.4Cartagena, 26 December: 26.0 µg/m³Cartagena, 27 December: 28.0 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 8.4Cartagena, 28 December: 33.0 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 8.6Cartagena, 29 December: 31.9 µg/m³, 3.7× its usual 8.6Cartagena, 30 December: 36.7 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 8.8Cartagena, 31 December: 28.8 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 8.9Cartagena, 1 January: 12.6 µg/m³Cartagena, 2 January: 13.2 µg/m³Cartagena, 3 January: 16.4 µg/m³Cartagena, 4 January: 10.1 µg/m³TorreviejaTorrevieja, 22 December: 6.2 µg/m³Torrevieja, 23 December: 14.3 µg/m³Torrevieja, 24 December: 23.5 µg/m³Torrevieja, 25 December: 27.0 µg/m³, 3.9× its usual 6.9Torrevieja, 26 December: 24.5 µg/m³Torrevieja, 27 December: 31.7 µg/m³, 4.5× its usual 7.1Torrevieja, 28 December: 37.2 µg/m³, 5.2× its usual 7.1Torrevieja, 29 December: 41.4 µg/m³, 5.8× its usual 7.1Torrevieja, 30 December: 44.3 µg/m³, 6.2× its usual 7.1Torrevieja, 31 December: 34.0 µg/m³, 4.0× its usual 8.5Torrevieja, 1 January: 19.8 µg/m³Torrevieja, 2 January: 12.7 µg/m³Torrevieja, 3 January: 15.1 µg/m³Torrevieja, 4 January: 6.3 µg/m³Collado-VillalbaCollado-Villalba, 22 December: 12.7 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 23 December: 24.2 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 24 December: 22.9 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 25 December: 26.0 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 9.9Collado-Villalba, 26 December: 28.6 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 10.0Collado-Villalba, 27 December: 24.1 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 28 December: 30.3 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 9.9Collado-Villalba, 29 December: 30.3 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 10.4Collado-Villalba, 30 December: 24.8 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 31 December: 21.0 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 1 January: 13.1 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 2 January: 19.3 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 3 January: 10.0 µg/m³Collado-Villalba, 4 January: 10.1 µg/m³Mollet del VallèsMollet del Vallès, 22 December: 13.0 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 23 December: 18.0 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 24 December: 23.1 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 25 December: 38.7 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 26 December: 40.0 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 18.0Mollet del Vallès, 27 December: 37.4 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 18.1Mollet del Vallès, 28 December: 38.7 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 17.8Mollet del Vallès, 29 December: 53.1 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 17.5Mollet del Vallès, 30 December: 45.6 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 17.7Mollet del Vallès, 31 December: 34.2 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 1 January: 40.6 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 2 January: 16.6 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 3 January: 10.7 µg/m³Mollet del Vallès, 4 January: 26.3 µg/m³MadridMadrid, 22 December: 14.7 µg/m³Madrid, 23 December: 9.3 µg/m³Madrid, 24 December: 10.8 µg/m³Madrid, 25 December: 19.0 µg/m³Madrid, 26 December: 29.8 µg/m³, 4.0× its usual 7.4Madrid, 27 December: 23.8 µg/m³Madrid, 28 December: 27.5 µg/m³, 3.7× its usual 7.4Madrid, 29 December: 28.1 µg/m³, 3.7× its usual 7.5Madrid, 30 December: 20.9 µg/m³Madrid, 31 December: 9.3 µg/m³Madrid, 1 January: 17.1 µg/m³Madrid, 2 January: 13.4 µg/m³Madrid, 3 January: 5.4 µg/m³Madrid, 4 January: 7.0 µg/m³MóstolesMóstoles, 22 December: 16.1 µg/m³Móstoles, 23 December: 10.3 µg/m³Móstoles, 24 December: 12.8 µg/m³Móstoles, 25 December: 20.9 µg/m³Móstoles, 26 December: 29.8 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 8.4Móstoles, 27 December: 25.5 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 8.4Móstoles, 28 December: 32.2 µg/m³, 3.8× its usual 8.4Móstoles, 29 December: 30.8 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 9.0Móstoles, 30 December: 25.8 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 9.3Móstoles, 31 December: 10.1 µg/m³Móstoles, 1 January: 16.7 µg/m³Móstoles, 2 January: 8.7 µg/m³Móstoles, 3 January: 3.6 µg/m³Móstoles, 4 January: 4.6 µg/m³MeyzieuMeyzieu, 22 December: 3.4 µg/m³Meyzieu, 23 December: 5.0 µg/m³Meyzieu, 24 December: 11.4 µg/m³Meyzieu, 25 December: 19.0 µg/m³Meyzieu, 26 December: 29.5 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 12.4Meyzieu, 27 December: 21.5 µg/m³Meyzieu, 28 December: 5.8 µg/m³Meyzieu, 29 December: 9.7 µg/m³Meyzieu, 30 December: 16.1 µg/m³Meyzieu, 31 December: 5.9 µg/m³Meyzieu, 1 January: no readingMeyzieu, 2 January: no readingMeyzieu, 3 January: 4.2 µg/m³Meyzieu, 4 January: 4.0 µg/m³LeónLeón, 22 December: 18.4 µg/m³León, 23 December: 15.3 µg/m³León, 24 December: 12.6 µg/m³León, 25 December: 18.1 µg/m³León, 26 December: 27.4 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 9.5León, 27 December: 26.4 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 9.6León, 28 December: 16.5 µg/m³León, 29 December: 15.1 µg/m³León, 30 December: 14.9 µg/m³León, 31 December: 8.4 µg/m³León, 1 January: 8.6 µg/m³León, 2 January: 8.1 µg/m³León, 3 January: 8.3 µg/m³León, 4 January: 12.5 µg/m³LyonLyon, 22 December: 2.5 µg/m³Lyon, 23 December: 5.2 µg/m³Lyon, 24 December: 15.5 µg/m³Lyon, 25 December: 24.8 µg/m³Lyon, 26 December: 27.0 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 12.9Lyon, 27 December: 23.1 µg/m³Lyon, 28 December: 8.3 µg/m³Lyon, 29 December: 13.5 µg/m³Lyon, 30 December: 22.4 µg/m³Lyon, 31 December: 6.4 µg/m³Lyon, 1 January: no readingLyon, 2 January: no readingLyon, 3 January: 5.4 µg/m³Lyon, 4 January: 6.3 µg/m³MontpellierMontpellier, 22 December: 1.8 µg/m³Montpellier, 23 December: 1.5 µg/m³Montpellier, 24 December: 15.0 µg/m³Montpellier, 25 December: 18.7 µg/m³Montpellier, 26 December: 26.4 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 10.7Montpellier, 27 December: 19.5 µg/m³Montpellier, 28 December: 21.2 µg/m³Montpellier, 29 December: 23.4 µg/m³Montpellier, 30 December: 22.4 µg/m³Montpellier, 31 December: 11.4 µg/m³Montpellier, 1 January: no readingMontpellier, 2 January: no readingMontpellier, 3 January: 10.9 µg/m³Montpellier, 4 January: 7.1 µg/m³ManlleuManlleu, 22 December: no readingManlleu, 23 December: 45.0 µg/m³Manlleu, 24 December: 57.0 µg/m³Manlleu, 25 December: 65.8 µg/m³Manlleu, 26 December: 64.0 µg/m³Manlleu, 27 December: 85.3 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 33.0Manlleu, 28 December: 87.8 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 31.0Manlleu, 29 December: 98.6 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 30.3Manlleu, 30 December: 64.5 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 30.3Manlleu, 31 December: 38.4 µg/m³Manlleu, 1 January: 48.7 µg/m³Manlleu, 2 January: 40.8 µg/m³Manlleu, 3 January: 63.3 µg/m³Manlleu, 4 January: 39.4 µg/m³AvignonAvignon, 22 December: 2.6 µg/m³Avignon, 23 December: 2.2 µg/m³Avignon, 24 December: 2.7 µg/m³Avignon, 25 December: 6.6 µg/m³Avignon, 26 December: 16.3 µg/m³Avignon, 27 December: 39.6 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 16.6Avignon, 28 December: 42.0 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 16.3Avignon, 29 December: 36.3 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 16.2Avignon, 30 December: 31.6 µg/m³Avignon, 31 December: 10.6 µg/m³Avignon, 1 January: no readingAvignon, 2 January: no readingAvignon, 3 January: 27.4 µg/m³Avignon, 4 January: 27.1 µg/m³OviedoOviedo, 22 December: 8.3 µg/m³Oviedo, 23 December: 12.2 µg/m³Oviedo, 24 December: 17.1 µg/m³Oviedo, 25 December: 18.0 µg/m³Oviedo, 26 December: 20.0 µg/m³Oviedo, 27 December: 34.4 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 10.8Oviedo, 28 December: 22.6 µg/m³Oviedo, 29 December: 11.4 µg/m³Oviedo, 30 December: 14.3 µg/m³Oviedo, 31 December: 6.7 µg/m³Oviedo, 1 January: 14.3 µg/m³Oviedo, 2 January: 11.7 µg/m³Oviedo, 3 January: 14.0 µg/m³Oviedo, 4 January: 14.4 µg/m³BailénBailén, 22 December: 29.7 µg/m³Bailén, 23 December: 24.3 µg/m³Bailén, 24 December: 29.5 µg/m³Bailén, 25 December: 30.8 µg/m³Bailén, 26 December: 30.2 µg/m³Bailén, 27 December: 33.4 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 15.7Bailén, 28 December: 37.2 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 15.7Bailén, 29 December: 40.1 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 15.8Bailén, 30 December: 34.6 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 16.1Bailén, 31 December: 38.7 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 16.0Bailén, 1 January: 34.9 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 15.8Bailén, 2 January: 25.2 µg/m³Bailén, 3 January: 23.6 µg/m³Bailén, 4 January: 9.6 µg/m³SamaSama, 22 December: 18.3 µg/m³Sama, 23 December: 15.0 µg/m³Sama, 24 December: 17.8 µg/m³Sama, 25 December: 16.7 µg/m³Sama, 26 December: 22.3 µg/m³Sama, 27 December: 33.1 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 11.5Sama, 28 December: 24.2 µg/m³Sama, 29 December: 12.1 µg/m³Sama, 30 December: 13.6 µg/m³Sama, 31 December: 8.4 µg/m³Sama, 1 January: 15.9 µg/m³Sama, 2 January: 12.9 µg/m³Sama, 3 January: 14.6 µg/m³Sama, 4 January: 13.0 µg/m³Ciudad RealCiudad Real, 22 December: 14.7 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 23 December: 18.9 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 24 December: 22.0 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 25 December: 22.4 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 26 December: 17.4 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 27 December: 30.6 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 9.6Ciudad Real, 28 December: 29.6 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 9.5Ciudad Real, 29 December: 40.9 µg/m³, 4.4× its usual 9.4Ciudad Real, 30 December: 34.3 µg/m³, 3.6× its usual 9.6Ciudad Real, 31 December: 7.8 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 1 January: 8.8 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 2 January: 8.8 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 3 January: 4.3 µg/m³Ciudad Real, 4 January: 4.8 µg/m³TarbesTarbes, 22 December: 1.8 µg/m³Tarbes, 23 December: 17.8 µg/m³Tarbes, 24 December: 18.4 µg/m³Tarbes, 25 December: 24.1 µg/m³Tarbes, 26 December: 15.6 µg/m³Tarbes, 27 December: 29.0 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 14.2Tarbes, 28 December: 38.3 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 13.5Tarbes, 29 December: 24.7 µg/m³Tarbes, 30 December: 22.7 µg/m³Tarbes, 31 December: 7.1 µg/m³Tarbes, 1 January: no readingTarbes, 2 January: no readingTarbes, 3 January: 11.7 µg/m³Tarbes, 4 January: 15.2 µg/m³LourdesLourdes, 22 December: 1.2 µg/m³Lourdes, 23 December: 8.6 µg/m³Lourdes, 24 December: 12.8 µg/m³Lourdes, 25 December: 24.6 µg/m³Lourdes, 26 December: 17.5 µg/m³Lourdes, 27 December: 26.2 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 10.8Lourdes, 28 December: 37.2 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 10.6Lourdes, 29 December: 24.3 µg/m³Lourdes, 30 December: 22.1 µg/m³Lourdes, 31 December: 4.7 µg/m³Lourdes, 1 January: no readingLourdes, 2 January: no readingLourdes, 3 January: 8.2 µg/m³Lourdes, 4 January: 17.1 µg/m³GranadaGranada, 22 December: 17.2 µg/m³Granada, 23 December: 17.0 µg/m³Granada, 24 December: 20.5 µg/m³Granada, 25 December: 23.2 µg/m³Granada, 26 December: 23.9 µg/m³Granada, 27 December: 25.7 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 10.6Granada, 28 December: 28.3 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 10.4Granada, 29 December: 30.5 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 10.4Granada, 30 December: 22.5 µg/m³Granada, 31 December: 20.0 µg/m³Granada, 1 January: 28.4 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 10.2Granada, 2 January: 10.9 µg/m³Granada, 3 January: 15.7 µg/m³Granada, 4 January: 12.0 µg/m³GrenobleGrenoble, 22 December: 5.2 µg/m³Grenoble, 23 December: 5.7 µg/m³Grenoble, 24 December: 12.7 µg/m³Grenoble, 25 December: 21.8 µg/m³Grenoble, 26 December: 24.5 µg/m³Grenoble, 27 December: 25.6 µg/m³Grenoble, 28 December: 40.0 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 17.5Grenoble, 29 December: 39.1 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 17.7Grenoble, 30 December: 24.4 µg/m³Grenoble, 31 December: 8.7 µg/m³Grenoble, 1 January: no readingGrenoble, 2 January: no readingGrenoble, 3 January: 10.8 µg/m³Grenoble, 4 January: 8.2 µg/m³CuencaCuenca, 22 December: 8.0 µg/m³Cuenca, 23 December: 16.0 µg/m³Cuenca, 24 December: 12.5 µg/m³Cuenca, 25 December: 12.6 µg/m³Cuenca, 26 December: 16.6 µg/m³Cuenca, 27 December: 23.0 µg/m³Cuenca, 28 December: 30.7 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 10.3Cuenca, 29 December: 24.2 µg/m³Cuenca, 30 December: 15.3 µg/m³Cuenca, 31 December: 11.7 µg/m³Cuenca, 1 January: 9.8 µg/m³Cuenca, 2 January: 10.7 µg/m³Cuenca, 3 January: 8.4 µg/m³Cuenca, 4 January: 6.5 µg/m³CosladaCoslada, 22 December: 18.8 µg/m³Coslada, 23 December: 16.3 µg/m³Coslada, 24 December: 15.6 µg/m³Coslada, 25 December: 18.0 µg/m³Coslada, 26 December: 24.2 µg/m³Coslada, 27 December: 24.2 µg/m³Coslada, 28 December: 28.9 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 8.8Coslada, 29 December: 26.7 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 8.9Coslada, 30 December: 20.3 µg/m³Coslada, 31 December: 11.8 µg/m³Coslada, 1 January: 23.1 µg/m³Coslada, 2 January: 15.7 µg/m³Coslada, 3 January: 7.3 µg/m³Coslada, 4 January: 9.0 µg/m³FréjusFréjus, 22 December: 0.8 µg/m³Fréjus, 23 December: 9.0 µg/m³Fréjus, 24 December: 15.4 µg/m³Fréjus, 25 December: 19.7 µg/m³Fréjus, 26 December: 19.9 µg/m³Fréjus, 27 December: 17.8 µg/m³Fréjus, 28 December: 28.5 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 9.6Fréjus, 29 December: 28.6 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 9.0Fréjus, 30 December: 20.4 µg/m³Fréjus, 31 December: 17.0 µg/m³Fréjus, 1 January: no readingFréjus, 2 January: no readingFréjus, 3 January: 6.2 µg/m³Fréjus, 4 January: 4.4 µg/m³SevillaSevilla, 22 December: 21.0 µg/m³Sevilla, 23 December: 26.2 µg/m³Sevilla, 24 December: 35.9 µg/m³Sevilla, 25 December: 35.3 µg/m³Sevilla, 26 December: 24.5 µg/m³Sevilla, 27 December: 26.0 µg/m³Sevilla, 28 December: 28.0 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 14.0Sevilla, 29 December: 32.1 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 14.0Sevilla, 30 December: 29.1 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 14.1Sevilla, 31 December: 31.8 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 13.8Sevilla, 1 January: 35.7 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 13.2Sevilla, 2 January: 23.3 µg/m³Sevilla, 3 January: 20.8 µg/m³Sevilla, 4 January: 11.5 µg/m³CapannoriCapannori, 22 December: 36.7 µg/m³Capannori, 23 December: 21.5 µg/m³Capannori, 24 December: 49.1 µg/m³Capannori, 25 December: 35.8 µg/m³Capannori, 26 December: 53.5 µg/m³Capannori, 27 December: 54.0 µg/m³Capannori, 28 December: 54.8 µg/m³Capannori, 29 December: 90.3 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 34.5Capannori, 30 December: 35.0 µg/m³Capannori, 31 December: 55.3 µg/m³Capannori, 1 January: no readingCapannori, 2 January: no readingCapannori, 3 January: no readingCapannori, 4 January: 28.3 µg/m³LleidaLleida, 22 December: 2.8 µg/m³Lleida, 23 December: 9.3 µg/m³Lleida, 24 December: 17.0 µg/m³Lleida, 25 December: 12.0 µg/m³Lleida, 26 December: 15.8 µg/m³Lleida, 27 December: 24.0 µg/m³Lleida, 28 December: 39.6 µg/m³Lleida, 29 December: 74.9 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 21.1Lleida, 30 December: 80.9 µg/m³, 3.9× its usual 21.0Lleida, 31 December: 53.4 µg/m³Lleida, 1 January: 16.7 µg/m³Lleida, 2 January: 36.5 µg/m³Lleida, 3 January: 49.6 µg/m³Lleida, 4 January: 35.6 µg/m³ArlesArles, 22 December: 2.9 µg/m³Arles, 23 December: 3.8 µg/m³Arles, 24 December: 4.9 µg/m³Arles, 25 December: 13.8 µg/m³Arles, 26 December: 19.4 µg/m³Arles, 27 December: 20.3 µg/m³Arles, 28 December: 14.3 µg/m³Arles, 29 December: 49.0 µg/m³, 3.6× its usual 13.7Arles, 30 December: 36.0 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 15.1Arles, 31 December: 13.3 µg/m³Arles, 1 January: no readingArles, 2 January: no readingArles, 3 January: 20.4 µg/m³Arles, 4 January: 12.9 µg/m³ValenciaValencia, 22 December: 7.8 µg/m³Valencia, 23 December: 7.1 µg/m³Valencia, 24 December: 12.4 µg/m³Valencia, 25 December: 14.4 µg/m³Valencia, 26 December: 16.5 µg/m³Valencia, 27 December: 18.8 µg/m³Valencia, 28 December: 22.2 µg/m³Valencia, 29 December: 37.1 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 8.8Valencia, 30 December: 33.1 µg/m³, 3.7× its usual 9.0Valencia, 31 December: 14.4 µg/m³Valencia, 1 January: 7.4 µg/m³Valencia, 2 January: 6.2 µg/m³Valencia, 3 January: 5.3 µg/m³Valencia, 4 January: 8.6 µg/m³CórdobaCórdoba, 22 December: 16.2 µg/m³Córdoba, 23 December: 16.9 µg/m³Córdoba, 24 December: 19.9 µg/m³Córdoba, 25 December: 21.2 µg/m³Córdoba, 26 December: 23.2 µg/m³Córdoba, 27 December: 21.3 µg/m³Córdoba, 28 December: 26.4 µg/m³Córdoba, 29 December: 32.8 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 14.0Córdoba, 30 December: 28.6 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 14.1Córdoba, 31 December: 29.8 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 14.4Córdoba, 1 January: 36.6 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 14.8Córdoba, 2 January: no readingCórdoba, 3 January: no readingCórdoba, 4 January: no readingCastresCastres, 22 December: 2.9 µg/m³Castres, 23 December: 5.4 µg/m³Castres, 24 December: 9.3 µg/m³Castres, 25 December: 18.1 µg/m³Castres, 26 December: 23.7 µg/m³Castres, 27 December: 18.3 µg/m³Castres, 28 December: 17.0 µg/m³Castres, 29 December: 28.0 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 13.4Castres, 30 December: 18.8 µg/m³Castres, 31 December: 15.7 µg/m³Castres, 1 January: no readingCastres, 2 January: no readingCastres, 3 January: 24.9 µg/m³Castres, 4 January: 15.7 µg/m³BarcelonaBarcelona, 22 December: 9.1 µg/m³Barcelona, 23 December: 7.4 µg/m³Barcelona, 24 December: 8.3 µg/m³Barcelona, 25 December: 16.3 µg/m³Barcelona, 26 December: 19.1 µg/m³Barcelona, 27 December: 15.3 µg/m³Barcelona, 28 December: 22.8 µg/m³Barcelona, 29 December: 27.9 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 9.4Barcelona, 30 December: 32.0 µg/m³, 3.3× its usual 9.8Barcelona, 31 December: 20.5 µg/m³Barcelona, 1 January: 18.9 µg/m³Barcelona, 2 January: 10.7 µg/m³Barcelona, 3 January: 11.2 µg/m³Barcelona, 4 January: 13.6 µg/m³TarragonaTarragona, 22 December: 5.4 µg/m³Tarragona, 23 December: 4.7 µg/m³Tarragona, 24 December: 9.1 µg/m³Tarragona, 25 December: 13.8 µg/m³Tarragona, 26 December: 7.8 µg/m³Tarragona, 27 December: 14.1 µg/m³Tarragona, 28 December: 19.9 µg/m³Tarragona, 29 December: 27.7 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 9.6Tarragona, 30 December: 24.1 µg/m³Tarragona, 31 December: 14.7 µg/m³Tarragona, 1 January: 8.3 µg/m³Tarragona, 2 January: 6.5 µg/m³Tarragona, 3 January: 5.5 µg/m³Tarragona, 4 January: 13.2 µg/m³ToledoToledo, 22 December: 9.5 µg/m³Toledo, 23 December: 11.0 µg/m³Toledo, 24 December: 12.4 µg/m³Toledo, 25 December: 18.8 µg/m³Toledo, 26 December: 14.7 µg/m³Toledo, 27 December: 14.6 µg/m³Toledo, 28 December: 22.0 µg/m³Toledo, 29 December: 27.3 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 9.1Toledo, 30 December: 23.0 µg/m³Toledo, 31 December: 14.6 µg/m³Toledo, 1 January: 9.6 µg/m³Toledo, 2 January: 9.4 µg/m³Toledo, 3 January: 9.5 µg/m³Toledo, 4 January: 7.0 µg/m³Grao de MurviedroGrao de Murviedro, 22 December: 4.4 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 23 December: 4.8 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 24 December: 7.2 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 25 December: 6.9 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 26 December: 8.2 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 27 December: 11.0 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 28 December: 17.5 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 29 December: 25.3 µg/m³, 4.8× its usual 5.3Grao de Murviedro, 30 December: 20.4 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 31 December: 12.5 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 1 January: 3.5 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 2 January: 6.5 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 3 January: 3.3 µg/m³Grao de Murviedro, 4 January: 9.1 µg/m³AlgecirasAlgeciras, 22 December: 13.4 µg/m³Algeciras, 23 December: 13.8 µg/m³Algeciras, 24 December: 14.4 µg/m³Algeciras, 25 December: 11.7 µg/m³Algeciras, 26 December: 11.0 µg/m³Algeciras, 27 December: 16.6 µg/m³Algeciras, 28 December: 21.0 µg/m³Algeciras, 29 December: 25.0 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 8.5Algeciras, 30 December: 17.6 µg/m³Algeciras, 31 December: 14.2 µg/m³Algeciras, 1 January: 9.8 µg/m³Algeciras, 2 January: 10.6 µg/m³Algeciras, 3 January: 7.4 µg/m³Algeciras, 4 January: 14.0 µg/m³Barrio de PeralBarrio de Peral, 22 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 23 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 24 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 25 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 26 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 27 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 28 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 29 December: no readingBarrio de Peral, 30 December: 32.3 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 9.1Barrio de Peral, 31 December: 22.0 µg/m³Barrio de Peral, 1 January: 12.5 µg/m³Barrio de Peral, 2 January: 13.4 µg/m³Barrio de Peral, 3 January: 15.3 µg/m³Barrio de Peral, 4 January: 7.2 µg/m³NîmesNîmes, 22 December: 1.1 µg/m³Nîmes, 23 December: 2.9 µg/m³Nîmes, 24 December: 7.7 µg/m³Nîmes, 25 December: 19.5 µg/m³Nîmes, 26 December: 21.3 µg/m³Nîmes, 27 December: 20.2 µg/m³Nîmes, 28 December: 23.5 µg/m³Nîmes, 29 December: 24.3 µg/m³Nîmes, 30 December: 28.5 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 12.1Nîmes, 31 December: 11.9 µg/m³Nîmes, 1 January: no readingNîmes, 2 January: no readingNîmes, 3 January: 27.0 µg/m³Nîmes, 4 January: 13.7 µg/m³CiutadellaCiutadella, 22 December: no readingCiutadella, 23 December: no readingCiutadella, 24 December: no readingCiutadella, 25 December: no readingCiutadella, 26 December: no readingCiutadella, 27 December: no readingCiutadella, 28 December: no readingCiutadella, 29 December: no readingCiutadella, 30 December: 26.9 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 7.8Ciutadella, 31 December: 17.5 µg/m³Ciutadella, 1 January: 6.2 µg/m³Ciutadella, 2 January: 7.1 µg/m³Ciutadella, 3 January: 9.9 µg/m³Ciutadella, 4 January: 8.1 µg/m³CacémCacém, 22 December: 12.6 µg/m³Cacém, 23 December: 16.6 µg/m³Cacém, 24 December: 26.3 µg/m³Cacém, 25 December: 34.2 µg/m³Cacém, 26 December: 22.2 µg/m³Cacém, 27 December: 17.1 µg/m³Cacém, 28 December: 15.2 µg/m³Cacém, 29 December: 19.1 µg/m³Cacém, 30 December: 26.8 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 8.6Cacém, 31 December: 13.6 µg/m³Cacém, 1 January: 29.7 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 8.5Cacém, 2 January: 16.7 µg/m³Cacém, 3 January: 5.5 µg/m³Cacém, 4 January: 5.2 µg/m³HuelvaHuelva, 22 December: 14.6 µg/m³Huelva, 23 December: 14.7 µg/m³Huelva, 24 December: 19.0 µg/m³Huelva, 25 December: 17.0 µg/m³Huelva, 26 December: 13.8 µg/m³Huelva, 27 December: 8.7 µg/m³Huelva, 28 December: 16.0 µg/m³Huelva, 29 December: 19.8 µg/m³Huelva, 30 December: 22.4 µg/m³Huelva, 31 December: 30.3 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 10.1Huelva, 1 January: 16.3 µg/m³Huelva, 2 January: 16.6 µg/m³Huelva, 3 January: 11.4 µg/m³Huelva, 4 January: 8.9 µg/m³AmoraAmora, 22 December: 27.2 µg/m³Amora, 23 December: 34.6 µg/m³Amora, 24 December: 44.0 µg/m³Amora, 25 December: 39.6 µg/m³Amora, 26 December: 27.0 µg/m³Amora, 27 December: 14.1 µg/m³Amora, 28 December: 14.8 µg/m³Amora, 29 December: 18.5 µg/m³Amora, 30 December: no readingAmora, 31 December: no readingAmora, 1 January: 33.1 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 9.8Amora, 2 January: 9.0 µg/m³Amora, 3 January: 5.4 µg/m³Amora, 4 January: 4.5 µg/m³ParedesParedes, 22 December: 38.2 µg/m³Paredes, 23 December: 23.3 µg/m³Paredes, 24 December: 17.4 µg/m³Paredes, 25 December: 19.6 µg/m³Paredes, 26 December: 15.3 µg/m³Paredes, 27 December: 18.8 µg/m³Paredes, 28 December: 7.4 µg/m³Paredes, 29 December: 10.8 µg/m³Paredes, 30 December: 7.3 µg/m³Paredes, 31 December: 11.9 µg/m³Paredes, 1 January: 27.3 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 11.6Paredes, 2 January: no readingParedes, 3 January: 14.9 µg/m³Paredes, 4 January: 9.3 µg/m³22 Dec242628301 Jan3
Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more.
Good0–50
Moderate51–100
Sensitive groups101–150
Unhealthy151–200
Very unhealthy201–300
Hazardous301+

Every city it reached

CityDaysHighestUsualAbove usual
TorreviejaValencia, Spain6 44.330 December7.16.2×
Grao de MurviedroValencia, Spain1 25.329 December5.34.8×
Ciudad RealCastille-La Mancha, Spain4 40.929 December9.44.4×
ValdemoroMadrid, Spain6 45.525 December10.84.2×
ValenciaValencia, Spain2 37.129 December8.84.2×
CartagenaMurcia, Spain6 36.730 December8.84.2×
MadridMadrid, Spain3 29.826 December7.44.0×
LleidaCatalonia, Spain2 80.930 December21.03.9×
MóstolesMadrid, Spain5 32.228 December8.43.8×
ArlesProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France2 49.029 December13.73.6×
LourdesOccitanie, France2 37.228 December10.63.5×
Barrio de PeralMurcia, Spain1 32.330 December9.13.5×
CacémLisbon, Portugal2 29.71 January8.53.5×
AmoraSetúbal, Portugal1 33.11 January9.83.4×
CiutadellaBalearic Islands, Spain1 26.930 December7.83.4×
ManlleuCatalonia, Spain4 98.629 December30.33.3×
BarcelonaCatalonia, Spain2 32.030 December9.83.3×
CosladaMadrid, Spain2 28.928 December8.83.3×
OviedoAsturias, Spain1 34.427 December10.83.2×
FréjusProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France2 28.629 December9.03.2×
Collado-VillalbaMadrid, Spain4 30.328 December9.93.1×
Mollet del VallèsCatalonia, Spain5 53.129 December17.53.0×
CuencaCastille-La Mancha, Spain1 30.728 December10.33.0×
HuelvaAndalusia, Spain1 30.331 December10.13.0×
ToledoCastille-La Mancha, Spain1 27.329 December9.13.0×
MurciaMurcia, Spain7 57.828 December20.12.9×
SamaAsturias, Spain1 33.127 December11.52.9×
GranadaAndalusia, Spain4 30.529 December10.42.9×
TarragonaCatalonia, Spain1 27.729 December9.62.9×
LeónCastille and León, Spain2 27.426 December9.52.9×
AlgecirasAndalusia, Spain1 25.029 December8.52.9×
TarbesOccitanie, France2 38.328 December13.52.8×
SevillaAndalusia, Spain5 35.71 January13.22.7×
CapannoriTuscany, Italy1 90.329 December34.52.6×
AvignonProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France3 42.028 December16.32.6×
BailénAndalusia, Spain6 40.129 December15.82.5×
CórdobaAndalusia, Spain4 36.61 January14.82.5×
MontpellierOccitanie, France1 26.426 December10.72.5×
MeyzieuAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France1 29.526 December12.42.4×
NîmesOccitanie, France1 28.530 December12.12.4×
ParedesPorto, Portugal1 27.31 January11.62.4×
GrenobleAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France2 40.028 December17.52.3×
CastresOccitanie, France1 28.029 December13.42.1×
LyonAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France1 27.026 December12.92.1×

Daily means in µg/m³, over the days each city counted in this episode. Highest: its highest of those days. Usual: the city's median for the time of year of that day (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that, with a usual under 5 µg/m³ taken as 5.

Against other episodes in Spain and France

Number 10 of 58 episodes in Spain and France since our records began, by cities reached.

Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 58.

Use this page

SmogRank, Spain, France and 2 more countries, December 2023 to January 2024: 44 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 25 December 2023 to 1 January 2024, smogrank.com/episodes/2023-12-spain-france-and-2-more-countries (accessed 4 October 2026).

Download top 10 (PNG)

You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms.

An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes. Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.