SmogRank / Episodes / France
Southern Europe, February 2024
For 5 days, from 5 to 9 February 2024, 38 cities in France, Spain, Italy and 4 more countries had PM2.5 at least twice their usual for the time of year. The worst reading was Rovereto, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy: 76.0 µg/m³ on 6 February, about 4.9× its usual 15.5.
No cause named We have no fire or smoke records for these days, so we only say what the measurements show.
Cities reached 38 in 7 countries
Days 5 5 to 9 February 2024
Worst day 6 February 27 cities counted
Furthest above usual 4.9× Rovereto
Day by day
Play 6 February 27 cities at twice their usual or more
Lunel Vitrolles Perpignan Girona Nîmes Gardanne Aix-en-Provence Avignon La Garde Manlleu Mollet del Vallès Ciutadella Barcelona Castres Valence Rodez Vilanova i la Geltrú Gap Romans-sur-Isère Cannes Marratxí Palma Nice Toulouse Saint-Chamond Meylan Aurillac Montauban Lyon Meyzieu Chambéry Villefranche-sur-Saône Clermont-Ferrand Lleida Bourg-en-Bresse Annecy Mâcon Bra Sallanches Turin Annemasse Montceau-les-Mines Moulins Montluçon Chalon-sur-Saône Aosta Lons-le-Saunier Périgueux Limoges Marmande Benicàssim Nevers Castelló de la Plana Dole Alessandria Burriana Bastia Dijon Mont-de-Marsan Onda Bourges Besançon Zaragoza Grao de Murviedro Sagunto Châteauroux Novara Borgomanero Angoulême Valencia Lormont Bordeaux Pavia Auxerre Bern Ribarroja del Turia Algiers Vesoul Varese La Spezia Saronno Milan Montbéliard Como Monza Poitiers Lugano Lodi Tudela Erba Vimercate Anglet Ontinyent Bellinzona Olivet Treviglio Blois Lecco Basel Alicante Dalmine Mulhouse Lörrach Bergamo Joué-lès-Tours Niort Tours Cremona Calahorra Villena Elda Capannori Hernani Donostia / San Sebastián Müllheim Oria Zürich Torrevieja Zarautz Sondrio La Rochelle Cuenca Murcia Molina de Segura Albacete Mantua Barrio de Peral Gasteiz / Vitoria Cartagena Amorebieta Angers Bermeo Kreuzlingen Konstanz La Roche-sur-Yon Friedrichshafen Getxo Lindau Lorca Nantes Azuqueca de Henares Couëron Alcalá de Henares Algete Torrejón de Ardoz Kempten (Allgäu) Burgos Coslada Madrid Saint-Nazaire Valdemoro Fuenlabrada Móstoles Collado-Villalba Fabriano Innsbruck Pesaro Almería Toledo Palencia Ciudad Real Jesi Vannes Valladolid Falconara Marittima Puertollano Ancona Jaén Medina del Campo Civitanova Marche Granada Lorient Saalfelden am Steinernen Meer León Naples Caserta Acerra Sama Salamanca Oviedo Avilés Benevento Salerno Cártama Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Wolfsberg Lugo Viveiro Graz Vila Real Huelva Lalín Narón Ferrol A Coruña Arteixo Santiago de Compostela Ponte de Lima Koprivnica Banja Luka Ceglie Messapica Faro Corroios Sarajevo Cacém Győr Pécs Bar Komárno Podgorica Liberpolis Pljevlja Dunaújváros Esztergom Užice Futog Gyál Novi Sad Gyöngyös Grenoble Tarbes Manosque Givors Bailén Ourense Arles Rijeka Tarragona Fos-sur-Mer Gijón Fréjus Montpellier Monaco Vigevano Amora Sevilla Menton Marseille Marignane Pau Albertville Brescia Lisbon Saint-Étienne Vigo Salon-de-Provence Veszprém Lourdes Durango Salou Laudio / Llodio Bilbao Bolzano Trento Pontevedra Paredes Rovereto 2 Feb 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Every measured city in the area, coloured by its PM2.5 that day; a dark ring marks a city at twice its usual or more. Bars: cities counted each day, coloured by their median level. Choose a day or press play; without JavaScript, the days link to that day's world ranking.
How it spread
Paredes Paredes, 2 February: 29.9 µg/m³ Paredes, 3 February: 18.9 µg/m³ Paredes, 4 February: 34.1 µg/m³ Paredes, 5 February: 43.6 µg/m³, 3.2× its usual 13.5 Paredes, 6 February: 64.5 µg/m³, 4.5× its usual 14.4 Paredes, 7 February: 24.5 µg/m³ Paredes, 8 February: no reading Paredes, 9 February: no reading Paredes, 10 February: no reading Paredes, 11 February: no reading Paredes, 12 February: no reading Vigo Vigo, 2 February: 41.7 µg/m³ Vigo, 3 February: 26.6 µg/m³ Vigo, 4 February: 30.4 µg/m³ Vigo, 5 February: 36.7 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 12.1 Vigo, 6 February: 33.0 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 12.1 Vigo, 7 February: 29.5 µg/m³ Vigo, 8 February: 17.7 µg/m³ Vigo, 9 February: 11.1 µg/m³ Vigo, 10 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Vigo, 11 February: 7.7 µg/m³ Vigo, 12 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Fréjus Fréjus, 2 February: 19.6 µg/m³ Fréjus, 3 February: 29.1 µg/m³ Fréjus, 4 February: 34.2 µg/m³ Fréjus, 5 February: 33.8 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 14.2 Fréjus, 6 February: 30.7 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 14.6 Fréjus, 7 February: 20.3 µg/m³ Fréjus, 8 February: 10.8 µg/m³ Fréjus, 9 February: 10.5 µg/m³ Fréjus, 10 February: 7.0 µg/m³ Fréjus, 11 February: 2.1 µg/m³ Fréjus, 12 February: 5.6 µg/m³ Bailén Bailén, 2 February: no reading Bailén, 3 February: 22.8 µg/m³ Bailén, 4 February: 34.7 µg/m³ Bailén, 5 February: 31.0 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 14.5 Bailén, 6 February: 28.7 µg/m³ Bailén, 7 February: 20.9 µg/m³ Bailén, 8 February: 28.2 µg/m³ Bailén, 9 February: 6.6 µg/m³ Bailén, 10 February: 5.7 µg/m³ Bailén, 11 February: 10.9 µg/m³ Bailén, 12 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Sevilla Sevilla, 2 February: 24.3 µg/m³ Sevilla, 3 February: 19.3 µg/m³ Sevilla, 4 February: 20.2 µg/m³ Sevilla, 5 February: 28.9 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 10.6 Sevilla, 6 February: 27.0 µg/m³ Sevilla, 7 February: 16.0 µg/m³ Sevilla, 8 February: 17.4 µg/m³ Sevilla, 9 February: 6.8 µg/m³ Sevilla, 10 February: 4.9 µg/m³ Sevilla, 11 February: 4.2 µg/m³ Sevilla, 12 February: 5.5 µg/m³ Amora Amora, 2 February: 26.5 µg/m³ Amora, 3 February: 26.3 µg/m³ Amora, 4 February: 27.0 µg/m³ Amora, 5 February: 28.5 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 10.6 Amora, 6 February: 16.4 µg/m³ Amora, 7 February: 7.3 µg/m³ Amora, 8 February: 3.3 µg/m³ Amora, 9 February: 3.3 µg/m³ Amora, 10 February: 7.5 µg/m³ Amora, 11 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Amora, 12 February: 5.6 µg/m³ Albertville Albertville, 2 February: 14.7 µg/m³ Albertville, 3 February: 15.2 µg/m³ Albertville, 4 February: 23.4 µg/m³ Albertville, 5 February: 27.5 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 10.5 Albertville, 6 February: 30.0 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 10.5 Albertville, 7 February: 17.8 µg/m³ Albertville, 8 February: 6.7 µg/m³ Albertville, 9 February: 9.2 µg/m³ Albertville, 10 February: 7.2 µg/m³ Albertville, 11 February: 5.3 µg/m³ Albertville, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³ Grenoble Grenoble, 2 February: 16.6 µg/m³ Grenoble, 3 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Grenoble, 4 February: 29.6 µg/m³ Grenoble, 5 February: 27.1 µg/m³, 2.0× its usual 13.4 Grenoble, 6 February: 22.5 µg/m³ Grenoble, 7 February: 19.6 µg/m³ Grenoble, 8 February: 12.0 µg/m³ Grenoble, 9 February: 2.6 µg/m³ Grenoble, 10 February: 7.4 µg/m³ Grenoble, 11 February: 6.5 µg/m³ Grenoble, 12 February: 8.6 µg/m³ Givors Givors, 2 February: 8.1 µg/m³ Givors, 3 February: 19.8 µg/m³ Givors, 4 February: 14.4 µg/m³ Givors, 5 February: 26.9 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 12.8 Givors, 6 February: 23.9 µg/m³ Givors, 7 February: no reading Givors, 8 February: no reading Givors, 9 February: no reading Givors, 10 February: no reading Givors, 11 February: no reading Givors, 12 February: no reading Saint-Étienne Saint-Étienne, 2 February: 5.7 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 3 February: 11.8 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 4 February: 21.0 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 5 February: 26.4 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 8.8 Saint-Étienne, 6 February: 15.0 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 7 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 8 February: 5.7 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 9 February: 3.6 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 10 February: 2.4 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 11 February: 4.9 µg/m³ Saint-Étienne, 12 February: 6.2 µg/m³ Lisbon Lisbon, 2 February: 21.4 µg/m³ Lisbon, 3 February: 21.5 µg/m³ Lisbon, 4 February: 19.8 µg/m³ Lisbon, 5 February: 25.3 µg/m³, 3.0× its usual 8.4 Lisbon, 6 February: 21.9 µg/m³ Lisbon, 7 February: 10.7 µg/m³ Lisbon, 8 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Lisbon, 9 February: 5.3 µg/m³ Lisbon, 10 February: 3.1 µg/m³ Lisbon, 11 February: 6.9 µg/m³ Lisbon, 12 February: 6.5 µg/m³ Pontevedra Pontevedra, 2 February: 33.0 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 3 February: 18.3 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 4 February: 20.5 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 5 February: 25.2 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 5.8 Pontevedra, 6 February: 25.3 µg/m³, 4.3× its usual 5.9 Pontevedra, 7 February: 18.6 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 8 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 9 February: 5.6 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 10 February: 7.1 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 11 February: 3.7 µg/m³ Pontevedra, 12 February: 5.7 µg/m³ Marignane Marignane, 2 February: 14.7 µg/m³ Marignane, 3 February: 14.4 µg/m³ Marignane, 4 February: 11.7 µg/m³ Marignane, 5 February: 25.0 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 10.8 Marignane, 6 February: 29.6 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 10.4 Marignane, 7 February: 17.1 µg/m³ Marignane, 8 February: 26.9 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 10.9 Marignane, 9 February: 15.7 µg/m³ Marignane, 10 February: 7.0 µg/m³ Marignane, 11 February: 3.3 µg/m³ Marignane, 12 February: 8.0 µg/m³ Rovereto Rovereto, 2 February: 15.0 µg/m³ Rovereto, 3 February: 19.0 µg/m³ Rovereto, 4 February: 20.6 µg/m³ Rovereto, 5 February: 46.7 µg/m³ Rovereto, 6 February: 76.0 µg/m³, 4.9× its usual 15.5 Rovereto, 7 February: 62.6 µg/m³, 4.0× its usual 15.5 Rovereto, 8 February: 71.4 µg/m³, 4.7× its usual 15.3 Rovereto, 9 February: 40.5 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 15.3 Rovereto, 10 February: 6.5 µg/m³ Rovereto, 11 February: 10.8 µg/m³ Rovereto, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³ Trento Trento, 2 February: 20.8 µg/m³ Trento, 3 February: 16.1 µg/m³ Trento, 4 February: 17.3 µg/m³ Trento, 5 February: 47.2 µg/m³ Trento, 6 February: 72.6 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 17.1 Trento, 7 February: 58.3 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 17.1 Trento, 8 February: 62.1 µg/m³, 3.7× its usual 16.8 Trento, 9 February: 39.4 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 15.7 Trento, 10 February: 10.0 µg/m³ Trento, 11 February: 10.5 µg/m³ Trento, 12 February: 6.8 µg/m³ Bolzano Bolzano, 2 February: 20.4 µg/m³ Bolzano, 3 February: 15.1 µg/m³ Bolzano, 4 February: 14.8 µg/m³ Bolzano, 5 February: 21.7 µg/m³ Bolzano, 6 February: 63.5 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 15.1 Bolzano, 7 February: 41.6 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 15.1 Bolzano, 8 February: 37.1 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 14.7 Bolzano, 9 February: 38.8 µg/m³, 2.6× its usual 14.7 Bolzano, 10 February: 5.5 µg/m³ Bolzano, 11 February: 6.8 µg/m³ Bolzano, 12 February: 5.7 µg/m³ Veszprém Veszprém, 2 February: 7.8 µg/m³ Veszprém, 3 February: 8.3 µg/m³ Veszprém, 4 February: 6.2 µg/m³ Veszprém, 5 February: 12.4 µg/m³ Veszprém, 6 February: 53.0 µg/m³, 3.4× its usual 15.7 Veszprém, 7 February: 17.5 µg/m³ Veszprém, 8 February: 12.5 µg/m³ Veszprém, 9 February: 8.6 µg/m³ Veszprém, 10 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Veszprém, 11 February: 9.9 µg/m³ Veszprém, 12 February: 6.6 µg/m³ Ourense Ourense, 2 February: 35.0 µg/m³ Ourense, 3 February: 34.3 µg/m³ Ourense, 4 February: 31.5 µg/m³ Ourense, 5 February: 32.4 µg/m³ Ourense, 6 February: 40.8 µg/m³, 2.2× its usual 18.8 Ourense, 7 February: 40.3 µg/m³ Ourense, 8 February: 25.6 µg/m³ Ourense, 9 February: 24.8 µg/m³ Ourense, 10 February: 19.9 µg/m³ Ourense, 11 February: 20.8 µg/m³ Ourense, 12 February: 23.2 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio Laudio / Llodio, 2 February: 13.3 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 3 February: 11.6 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 4 February: 20.4 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 5 February: no reading Laudio / Llodio, 6 February: 29.4 µg/m³, 4.1× its usual 7.2 Laudio / Llodio, 7 February: 22.5 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 8 February: 13.0 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 9 February: 3.0 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 10 February: 5.1 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 11 February: 3.8 µg/m³ Laudio / Llodio, 12 February: 4.3 µg/m³ Lourdes Lourdes, 2 February: 25.6 µg/m³ Lourdes, 3 February: 27.7 µg/m³ Lourdes, 4 February: 25.5 µg/m³ Lourdes, 5 February: 21.8 µg/m³ Lourdes, 6 February: 28.8 µg/m³, 3.5× its usual 8.2 Lourdes, 7 February: 21.1 µg/m³ Lourdes, 8 February: 5.9 µg/m³ Lourdes, 9 February: 5.4 µg/m³ Lourdes, 10 February: 3.8 µg/m³ Lourdes, 11 February: 6.6 µg/m³ Lourdes, 12 February: 3.7 µg/m³ Montpellier Montpellier, 2 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Montpellier, 3 February: 15.7 µg/m³ Montpellier, 4 February: 20.5 µg/m³ Montpellier, 5 February: 22.8 µg/m³ Montpellier, 6 February: 28.5 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 11.4 Montpellier, 7 February: 19.2 µg/m³ Montpellier, 8 February: 16.9 µg/m³ Montpellier, 9 February: 19.6 µg/m³ Montpellier, 10 February: 9.0 µg/m³ Montpellier, 11 February: 5.0 µg/m³ Montpellier, 12 February: 8.4 µg/m³ Bilbao Bilbao, 2 February: 12.2 µg/m³ Bilbao, 3 February: 12.4 µg/m³ Bilbao, 4 February: 23.0 µg/m³ Bilbao, 5 February: no reading Bilbao, 6 February: 28.2 µg/m³, 4.2× its usual 6.7 Bilbao, 7 February: 19.5 µg/m³ Bilbao, 8 February: 12.1 µg/m³ Bilbao, 9 February: 3.0 µg/m³ Bilbao, 10 February: 4.9 µg/m³ Bilbao, 11 February: 4.0 µg/m³ Bilbao, 12 February: 4.7 µg/m³ Durango Durango, 2 February: 17.5 µg/m³ Durango, 3 February: 13.1 µg/m³ Durango, 4 February: 21.8 µg/m³ Durango, 5 February: no reading Durango, 6 February: 26.8 µg/m³, 3.6× its usual 7.4 Durango, 7 February: 24.0 µg/m³ Durango, 8 February: 11.3 µg/m³ Durango, 9 February: 2.3 µg/m³ Durango, 10 February: 4.7 µg/m³ Durango, 11 February: 3.5 µg/m³ Durango, 12 February: 4.1 µg/m³ Pau Pau, 2 February: 25.5 µg/m³ Pau, 3 February: 16.3 µg/m³ Pau, 4 February: 23.2 µg/m³ Pau, 5 February: 18.4 µg/m³ Pau, 6 February: 26.5 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 9.1 Pau, 7 February: 18.8 µg/m³ Pau, 8 February: 13.3 µg/m³ Pau, 9 February: 5.6 µg/m³ Pau, 10 February: 4.4 µg/m³ Pau, 11 February: 7.0 µg/m³ Pau, 12 February: 5.7 µg/m³ Tarragona Tarragona, 2 February: 16.8 µg/m³ Tarragona, 3 February: 16.9 µg/m³ Tarragona, 4 February: 13.5 µg/m³ Tarragona, 5 February: 15.3 µg/m³ Tarragona, 6 February: 26.4 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 11.5 Tarragona, 7 February: 19.0 µg/m³ Tarragona, 8 February: 11.6 µg/m³ Tarragona, 9 February: 12.5 µg/m³ Tarragona, 10 February: 3.8 µg/m³ Tarragona, 11 February: 3.9 µg/m³ Tarragona, 12 February: 4.0 µg/m³ Rijeka Rijeka, 2 February: 14.0 µg/m³ Rijeka, 3 February: 17.4 µg/m³ Rijeka, 4 February: 21.2 µg/m³ Rijeka, 5 February: 23.7 µg/m³ Rijeka, 6 February: 26.2 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 11.5 Rijeka, 7 February: 22.3 µg/m³ Rijeka, 8 February: 13.4 µg/m³ Rijeka, 9 February: 13.9 µg/m³ Rijeka, 10 February: 14.8 µg/m³ Rijeka, 11 February: 3.1 µg/m³ Rijeka, 12 February: 4.5 µg/m³ Gijón Gijón, 2 February: 11.3 µg/m³ Gijón, 3 February: 11.2 µg/m³ Gijón, 4 February: 20.9 µg/m³ Gijón, 5 February: 22.5 µg/m³ Gijón, 6 February: 26.1 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 10.8 Gijón, 7 February: 29.7 µg/m³ Gijón, 8 February: 15.6 µg/m³ Gijón, 9 February: 13.0 µg/m³ Gijón, 10 February: 4.3 µg/m³ Gijón, 11 February: 5.3 µg/m³ Gijón, 12 February: 6.8 µg/m³ Salou Salou, 2 February: 15.0 µg/m³ Salou, 3 February: 19.0 µg/m³ Salou, 4 February: 15.3 µg/m³ Salou, 5 February: 18.3 µg/m³ Salou, 6 February: 25.9 µg/m³, 3.7× its usual 7.0 Salou, 7 February: 20.1 µg/m³ Salou, 8 February: no reading Salou, 9 February: no reading Salou, 10 February: 3.5 µg/m³ Salou, 11 February: 3.4 µg/m³ Salou, 12 February: 2.3 µg/m³ Marseille Marseille, 2 February: 13.8 µg/m³ Marseille, 3 February: 11.3 µg/m³ Marseille, 4 February: 13.9 µg/m³ Marseille, 5 February: 23.9 µg/m³ Marseille, 6 February: 25.9 µg/m³, 2.8× its usual 9.1 Marseille, 7 February: 14.3 µg/m³ Marseille, 8 February: 18.3 µg/m³ Marseille, 9 February: 15.1 µg/m³ Marseille, 10 February: 7.3 µg/m³ Marseille, 11 February: 3.1 µg/m³ Marseille, 12 February: 8.8 µg/m³ Manosque Manosque, 2 February: 11.7 µg/m³ Manosque, 3 February: 13.6 µg/m³ Manosque, 4 February: 20.1 µg/m³ Manosque, 5 February: 21.2 µg/m³ Manosque, 6 February: 25.8 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 12.5 Manosque, 7 February: 22.0 µg/m³ Manosque, 8 February: 17.1 µg/m³ Manosque, 9 February: 8.9 µg/m³ Manosque, 10 February: 1.9 µg/m³ Manosque, 11 February: 2.7 µg/m³ Manosque, 12 February: 7.7 µg/m³ Tarbes Tarbes, 2 February: 19.4 µg/m³ Tarbes, 3 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Tarbes, 4 February: 27.0 µg/m³ Tarbes, 5 February: 19.3 µg/m³ Tarbes, 6 February: 25.6 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 12.2 Tarbes, 7 February: 25.4 µg/m³ Tarbes, 8 February: 12.2 µg/m³ Tarbes, 9 February: 6.9 µg/m³ Tarbes, 10 February: 4.7 µg/m³ Tarbes, 11 February: 6.6 µg/m³ Tarbes, 12 February: 5.5 µg/m³ Arles Arles, 2 February: 3.4 µg/m³ Arles, 3 February: 6.5 µg/m³ Arles, 4 February: 13.3 µg/m³ Arles, 5 February: 20.6 µg/m³ Arles, 6 February: 25.5 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 11.1 Arles, 7 February: 10.8 µg/m³ Arles, 8 February: 19.4 µg/m³ Arles, 9 February: 18.9 µg/m³ Arles, 10 February: no reading Arles, 11 February: no reading Arles, 12 February: no reading Fos-sur-Mer Fos-sur-Mer, 2 February: 5.8 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 3 February: 8.8 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 4 February: 10.4 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 5 February: 18.2 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 6 February: 25.2 µg/m³, 2.4× its usual 10.7 Fos-sur-Mer, 7 February: 17.0 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 8 February: 18.6 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 9 February: 15.9 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 10 February: 8.5 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 11 February: 4.4 µg/m³ Fos-sur-Mer, 12 February: 7.4 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence Salon-de-Provence, 2 February: 4.8 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 3 February: 8.2 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 4 February: 9.9 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 5 February: 21.8 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 6 February: 25.1 µg/m³, 3.1× its usual 8.1 Salon-de-Provence, 7 February: 11.1 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 8 February: 17.7 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 9 February: 13.5 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 10 February: 3.7 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 11 February: 2.8 µg/m³ Salon-de-Provence, 12 February: 6.9 µg/m³ Brescia Brescia, 2 February: 29.4 µg/m³ Brescia, 3 February: 48.9 µg/m³ Brescia, 4 February: 62.5 µg/m³ Brescia, 5 February: 81.9 µg/m³ Brescia, 6 February: 90.6 µg/m³ Brescia, 7 February: 66.4 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 24.4 Brescia, 8 February: 70.1 µg/m³, 2.9× its usual 23.9 Brescia, 9 February: 21.9 µg/m³ Brescia, 10 February: 8.3 µg/m³ Brescia, 11 February: 9.6 µg/m³ Brescia, 12 February: 9.8 µg/m³ Menton Menton, 2 February: 16.6 µg/m³ Menton, 3 February: 18.6 µg/m³ Menton, 4 February: 21.5 µg/m³ Menton, 5 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Menton, 6 February: 22.9 µg/m³ Menton, 7 February: 29.1 µg/m³, 2.3× its usual 12.7 Menton, 8 February: 33.8 µg/m³, 2.7× its usual 12.4 Menton, 9 February: 16.8 µg/m³ Menton, 10 February: 8.8 µg/m³ Menton, 11 February: 6.7 µg/m³ Menton, 12 February: 12.3 µg/m³ Monaco Monaco, 2 February: 16.6 µg/m³ Monaco, 3 February: 18.6 µg/m³ Monaco, 4 February: 21.5 µg/m³ Monaco, 5 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Monaco, 6 February: 22.9 µg/m³ Monaco, 7 February: 29.1 µg/m³, 2.1× its usual 13.6 Monaco, 8 February: 33.8 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 13.4 Monaco, 9 February: 16.8 µg/m³ Monaco, 10 February: 8.8 µg/m³ Monaco, 11 February: 6.7 µg/m³ Monaco, 12 February: 12.3 µg/m³ Vigevano Vigevano, 2 February: 58.2 µg/m³ Vigevano, 3 February: 41.4 µg/m³ Vigevano, 4 February: 24.8 µg/m³ Vigevano, 5 February: 18.7 µg/m³ Vigevano, 6 February: 81.6 µg/m³ Vigevano, 7 February: 61.6 µg/m³ Vigevano, 8 February: 28.2 µg/m³ Vigevano, 9 February: 67.7 µg/m³, 2.5× its usual 26.6 Vigevano, 10 February: 20.0 µg/m³ Vigevano, 11 February: 8.4 µg/m³ Vigevano, 12 February: 22.1 µg/m³ 2 Feb 4 6 8 10 12 Every counted city, in the order the episode reached them, 3 days before to 3 after. Each square is a day, coloured by that day's PM2.5; outlined: at twice the city's usual or more. Good 0–50
Moderate 51–100
Sensitive groups 101–150
Unhealthy 151–200
Very unhealthy 201–300
Hazardous 301+
Every city it reached
City Days Highest Usual Above usual
Rovereto Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 4 6 February 15.5 4.9× Paredes Porto, Portugal 2 6 February 14.4 4.5× Pontevedra Galicia, Spain 2 6 February 5.9 4.3× Trento Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 4 6 February 17.1 4.2× Bolzano Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy 4 6 February 15.1 4.2× Bilbao Basque Country, Spain 1 6 February 6.7 4.2× Laudio / Llodio Basque Country, Spain 1 6 February 7.2 4.1× Salou Catalonia, Spain 1 6 February 7.0 3.7× Durango Basque Country, Spain 1 6 February 7.4 3.6× Lourdes Occitanie, France 1 6 February 8.2 3.5× Veszprém Veszprém, Hungary 1 6 February 15.7 3.4× Salon-de-Provence Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 8.1 3.1× Vigo Galicia, Spain 2 5 February 12.1 3.0× Saint-Étienne Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 1 5 February 8.8 3.0× Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal 1 5 February 8.4 3.0× Brescia Lombardy, Italy 2 8 February 23.9 2.9× Albertville Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 2 6 February 10.5 2.9× Pau New Aquitaine, France 1 6 February 9.1 2.9× Marignane Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 3 6 February 10.4 2.8× Marseille Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 9.1 2.8× Menton Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 2 8 February 12.4 2.7× Sevilla Andalusia, Spain 1 5 February 10.6 2.7× Amora Setúbal, Portugal 1 5 February 10.6 2.7× Vigevano Lombardy, Italy 1 9 February 26.6 2.5× Monaco Municipality of Monaco, Monaco 2 8 February 13.4 2.5× Montpellier Occitanie, France 1 6 February 11.4 2.5× Fréjus Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 2 5 February 14.2 2.4× Gijón Asturias, Spain 1 6 February 10.8 2.4× Fos-sur-Mer Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 10.7 2.4× Tarragona Catalonia, Spain 1 6 February 11.5 2.3× Rijeka Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Croatia 1 6 February 11.5 2.3× Arles Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 11.1 2.3× Ourense Galicia, Spain 1 6 February 18.8 2.2× Bailén Andalusia, Spain 1 5 February 14.5 2.1× Givors Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 1 5 February 12.8 2.1× Manosque Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France 1 6 February 12.5 2.1× Tarbes Occitanie, France 1 6 February 12.2 2.1× Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France 1 5 February 13.4 2.0×
Daily means in µg/m³, over the days each city counted in this episode. Highest: its highest of those days. Usual: the city's median for the time of year of that day (its days within 21 days of the date, every year, leaving out the week around it). Above usual: its highest day against that, with a usual under 5 µg/m³ taken as 5.
Against other episodes in France and Spain
Number 12 of 58 episodes in France and Spain since our records began, by cities reached.
Europe, 28 February to 4 March 2023 279 Europe, December 2025 to January 2026 169 Europe, March 2023 121 Western Europe, January 2024 117 Western Europe, December 2024 75 Spain, France and Portugal, February 2023 72 France, The Netherlands and United Kingdom, January 2023 66 Europe, June 2025 65 Spain, Portugal and Andorra, August 2025 44 Spain, France and 2 more countries, December 2023 to January 2024 44 France, Belgium and 2 more countries, November and December 2023 43 Southern Europe, February 2024 38 Bars: cities reached; colour: the level of the episode's highest daily reading. All 58 .
Use this page SmogRank, Southern Europe, February 2024: 38 cities with PM2.5 at twice their usual or more, 5 to 9 February 2024, smogrank.com/episodes/2024-02-southern-europe (accessed 4 October 2026).
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You're welcome to reuse a single chart, image or figure with this citation and a link. Terms .
An episode is a run of days when many cities close to each other (four or more within 350 km on a day, 8 or more in all) each had a daily PM2.5 mean of at least 25 µg/m³ and at least 2 times their usual for that time of year. Found in our own measurements, not picked by hand. How we find episodes . Values are each city's daily mean of its own monitors; causes are the usual kinds for a pattern like this, not a confirmed source.
